This study evaluated toxicological effects owing to fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) exposure in cardioblast cells (H9c2 lineage). The cells were treated with different particulate matter extract solutions for 24 h, F100% (1g of filter containing PM_2.5 per 100 mL culture medium, used as stock), F50% (1/2 F100) and F10% (10% of stock). Cell viability, the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), antioxidant capacity, lipid damage, necrosis, and apoptosis parameters were measured to assess cell damage. The results showed that cell injuries are related to increasing exposure concentrations. Effects exposure to PM_2.5 in F10% was no harmful for H9c2 lineage. The lactate dehydrogenase activity and damage lipid membrane were increased in cells exposed to F50% and F100%. The ROS production was higher and total antioxidant capacity lower in F50% and F100% concentrations. Catalase activity decreased only in the F100% group. Apoptosis and necrosis percentages were higher for F50% and F100% groups. In the PM_2.5 extracts some metals were detected (Co, Cd, Li, Mn, Ni, Sr, Ba, Rb, Cu, Pb, As, Zn, Al, Ti, Fe, Si, K, V), which could contribute for toxicological effects in H9c2 lineage. In conclusion, higher concentrations of PM_2.5 in solutions were able to elicit cell injury and death cardiac cells in H9c2 through elevation ROS levels, imbalance redox, lysis membrane cell, necrosis and apoptosis.

这项研究评估了由于成纤维细胞（H9c2谱系）中的细颗粒物（PM _2.5）暴露而引起的毒理作用。将细胞用不同的颗粒物提取液处理24小时，F100％（每100 mL培养基含1g含PM _2.5的过滤器，用作储备液），F50％（1/2 F100）和F10％（储备液的10％）处理）。测量细胞活力，活性氧（ROS）的产生，抗氧化能力，脂质损伤，坏死和凋亡参数，以评估细胞损伤。结果表明，细胞损伤与暴露浓度增加有关。暴露于PM _2.5在F10％中对H9c2血统无害。暴露于F50％和F100％的细胞中乳酸脱氢酶活性和脂质膜损伤增加。在F50％和F100％浓度下，ROS产生较高，而总抗氧化剂容量较低。过氧化氢酶活性仅在F100％组中降低。F50％和F100％组的细胞凋亡和坏死百分比更高。在PM _2.5提取物中检测到一些金属（Co，Cd，Li，Mn，Ni，Sr，Ba，Rb，Cu，Pb，As，Zn，Al，Ti，Fe，Si，K，V） H9c2谱系中的毒理作用。总之，溶液中较高浓度的PM _2.5能够通过升高ROS水平，氧化还原失衡，裂解膜细胞，坏死和凋亡引起H9c2细胞损伤和死亡。