Iron and steel industries are one of the seven major energy-extensive manufacturing industries strengthening any nation’s economic infrastructure. Processes involved in these industries generate a large number of contaminants, which cannot be directly released into the environment. Proper treatment methods for the wastewater are very necessary from ecological standpoint and economical concerns. Doing so naturally is also important to eliminate and reduce the amount of organic and inorganic wastes and heavy metal pollutants to their standard limits. Thus, a number of studies encompassing employment of different microorganisms, natural as well as genetically modified, and their on-site or off-site applications, either as pure microbial strains or as mixed microbial consortia have been conducted. This review aims to present the role of microorganisms that have been successfully investigated for the removal of toxicities from the wastewater generated by the processes of iron and steel industries.

Graphical abstract

中文翻译：

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用于去除钢铁工业废水中污染物的微生物

钢铁行业是加强任何国家经济基础设施的七大能源密集型制造业之一。这些行业涉及的过程会产生大量污染物，这些污染物无法直接释放到环境中。从生态学角度和经济考虑，对废水进行适当的处​​理是非常必要的。自然地这样做对于消除和减少有机和无机废物以及重金属污染物的数量至其标准限值也很重要。因此，已经进行了许多研究，包括采用天然的和转基因的不同微生物，以及它们在现场或非现场的应用，无论是作为纯微生物菌株还是作为混合微生物群落。

图形概要