abstract:

The creation of unmanned, artistic hot air balloons in Brazil represents an insurgent technology—developed independently by technicians at the margins of society in conflict with formal technological systems. Brazil has a long tradition of launching hot air balloons at Catholic festivals. In the mid twentieth century, balloons became a secular art form beyond saints' days. As the secular practice grew, balloonists created increasingly larger aircraft, requiring complex technical expertise. By the 1970s and 1980s, teams were making technically and artistically elaborate balloons up to 105 meters high and carrying hundreds of kilos of fireworks, banners, or lanterns. Thanks to their soaring popularity, thousands of balloons were launched every year. They also posed a serious risk of fire and collision with other aircraft. Consequently, authorities criminalized their creators, the "baloeiros," under penalty of imprisonment.

摘要：

在巴西创造无人，艺术性的热气球代表了一种叛乱性技术，它是由技术人员在社会边缘与正规技术系统发生冲突的情况下独立开发的。巴西有着在天主教节日上投放热气球的悠久传统。在20世纪中叶，气球已成为圣徒时代以外的一种世俗艺术形式。随着世俗习俗的发展，气球飞行者制造了越来越大的飞机，需要复杂的技术知识。到1970年代和1980年代，团队开始制作技术上和艺术上精美的气球，气球的高度高达105米，并载有数百公斤的烟花，横幅或灯笼。由于它们的迅速普及，每年发射了数千个气球。它们还具有引发火灾和与其他飞机相撞的严重危险。所以，