Objective:

This study examined trajectories of inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity symptom levels across one preschool year and explored variation in trajectories by age, sex, and end-of-year impairment.

Method:

Participants were 261 preschoolers (87% Head Start; 59% Caucasian; 53% boys; M_age = 3.97 years). Teachers rated ADHD symptom levels four times throughout one academic year.

Results:

Results showed a course of increasing inattention that decelerated over time and steadily increasing hyperactivity/impulsivity. Group-based finite mixture modeling revealed three trajectories of inattention: stable low (57%), change (32%), and stable high (11%), as well as three trajectories of hyperactivity/impulsivity: stable low (63%), increasing (26%), and stable high (11%). Compared to children with increasing or changing symptoms levels, children with stable high levels were more impaired and children with stable low symptom levels were less impaired.

Conclusion:

Findings suggest a “wait and see” approach to treatment may miss an important opportunity for early intervention.

中文翻译：

---

幼儿社区样本中教师评定的 ADHD 症状水平的发展过程

客观的：

本研究检查了一个学龄前儿童注意力不集中和多动/冲动症状水平的轨迹，并探讨了不同年龄、性别和年终损伤的轨迹变化。

方法：

参与者是 261 名学龄前儿童（87% 领先；59% 高加索人；53% 男孩；M_年龄 = 3.97 岁）。教师在一学年内四次评定多动症症状水平。

结果：

结果显示注意力不集中的过程随着时间的推移而减速并稳步增加多动/冲动。基于组的有限混合模型揭示了三个注意力不集中轨迹：稳定低 (57%)、变化 (32%) 和稳定高 (11%)，以及三个多动/冲动轨迹：稳定低 (63%)、上升（26%），稳定高位（11%）。与症状水平增加或变化的儿童相比，稳定高水平的儿童受损程度更大，而症状水平稳定低的儿童受损程度更小。

结论：

研究结果表明，“观望”的治疗方法可能会错过早期干预的重要机会。