It is well-documented experimentally that the influence of hydrogen on the mechanical properties of structural alloys like austenitic stainless steels, nickel superalloys, and carbon steels strongly depends on temperature. A typical curve plotting any hydrogen-affected mechanical property as a function of temperature gives a temperature T_HE,max, where the degradation of this mechanical property reaches a maximum. Above and below this temperature, the degradation is less. Unfortunately, the underlying physico-mechanical mechanisms are not currently understood to the level of detail required to explain such temperature effects. Though this temperature effect is important to understand in the context of engineering applications, studies to explain or even predict the effect of temperature upon the mechanical properties of structural alloys could not be identified. The available experimental data are scattered significantly, and clear trends as a function of chemistry or microstructure are difficult to see. Reported values for T_HE,max are in the range of about 200–340 K, which covers the typical temperature range for the design of structural components of about 230–310 K (from −40 to +40 °C). That is, the value of T_HE,max itself, as well as the slope of the gradient, might affect the materials selection for a dedicated application. Given the current lack of scientific understanding, a statistical approach appears to be a suitable way to account for the temperature effect in engineering applications. This study reviews the effect of temperature upon hydrogen effects in structural alloys and proposes recommendations for test temperatures for gaseous hydrogen applications.

中文翻译：

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温度对结构合金氢效应的影响综述

实验证明，氢对结构合金如奥氏体不锈钢，镍超合金和碳钢的机械性能的影响很大程度上取决于温度。绘制任何受氢影响的机械性能随温度变化的典型曲线，得出温度T _HE，max，其中此机械性能的下降达到最大。高于和低于此温度，降解程度较小。不幸的是，目前尚不了解潜在的物理机械机制来解释这种温度效应所需的详细程度。尽管在工程应用中要理解这一温度效应很重要，但仍无法确定用于解释甚至预测温度对结构合金力学性能的影响的研究。现有的实验数据明显分散，并且很难看到作为化学或微观结构的函数的清晰趋势。报告的T _HE，max值温度范围大约在200–340 K之间，涵盖了设计部件的典型温度范围大约230–310 K（从−40到+40°C）。也就是说，T _HE，max本身的值以及梯度的斜率可能会影响专用应用程序的材料选择。考虑到当前缺乏科学的了解，统计方法似乎是解决工程应用中温度影响的合适方法。这项研究回顾了温度对结构合金中氢效应的影响，并提出了用于气态氢应用的测试温度的建议。