Abstract

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess, across the first year after surgery, the influence of attachment insecurity, that is, avoidant and anxious tendencies, on body image, sexual activity, and side effects of treatments in women diagnosed with breast cancer.

Design: A total of 110 women with non-metastatic breast cancer were surveyed 2 weeks (T1), 3 months (T2), and 12 months (T3) after surgery.

Methods: Self-reported questionnaires were used to assess attachment tendencies (avoidance and anxiety), medical data (cancer stage, oncological treatment), sociodemographic data (age, socioeconomic level, relational status), and the three outcomes.

Results: Generalized linear modeling showed that (1) having more avoidant and anxious attachment tendencies predicted a more negative body image, as did being younger and having undergone a mastectomy; (2) having more avoidant attachment tendencies predicted being sexually inactive, as did having undergone neoadjuvant chemotherapy or adjuvant hormonal therapy, whereas being younger and in a committed relationship predicted being sexually active; and (3) attachment tendencies did not predict the intensity of side effects, whereas a higher cancer stage and being at the beginning of treatment predicted more side effects.

Conclusions: Women with avoidant and anxious attachment tendencies may be especially vulnerable to the consequences of oncological treatment, in particular regarding body image and sexual activity.

 抽象的

目的：本研究的目的是评估手术后第一年，依恋不安全感（即回避和焦虑倾向）对诊断为乳腺癌的女性的身体形象、性活动和治疗副作用的影响。

设计：共有 110 名非转移性乳腺癌女性在术后 2 周 (T1)、3 个月 (T2) 和 12 个月 (T3) 进行了调查。

方法：使用自我报告的问卷来评估依恋倾向（回避和焦虑）、医疗数据（癌症分期、肿瘤治疗）、社会人口统计数据（年龄、社会经济水平、关系状态）和三个结果。

结果：广义线性模型表明（1）具有更多的回避和焦虑依恋倾向会预测更负面的身体形象，就像年轻和接受过乳房切除术一样； (2) 具有更多的回避依恋倾向，预示着性不活跃，就像接受过新辅助化疗或辅助激素治疗一样，而年轻且处于忠诚的关系中，预示着性活跃； (3)依恋倾向并不能预测副作用的强度，而较高的癌症分期和处于治疗开始阶段则预示着更多的副作用。

结论：具有回避和焦虑依恋倾向的女性可能特别容易受到肿瘤治疗的影响，特别是在身体形象和性活动方面。