This paper reviews the emerging literature on which jobs can be performed from home and presents new estimates of the prevalence of such jobs based on the task content of occupations, their technology requirements and the availability of internet access by country and income groupings. Globally, one of every five jobs can be performed from home. In low-income countries, this ratio drops to one of every 26 jobs. Failing to account for internet access yields upward biased estimates of the resilience of poor countries, lagging regions, and poor workers. Since better paid workers are more likely to be able to work from home, COVID-19 is likely to exacerbate inequality, especially in richer countries where better paid and educated workers are insulated from the shock. The overall labor market burden of COVID-19 is bound to be larger in poor countries, where only a small share of workers can work from home and social protection systems are weaker. Across the globe, young, poorly educated workers and those on temporary contracts are least likely to be able to work from home and more vulnerable to the labor market shocks from COVID-19.

中文翻译：

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到底谁可以在家工作？

本文回顾了关于哪些工作可以在家完成的新兴文献，并根据职业的任务内容、技术要求以及按国家和收入群体划分的互联网接入的可用性，对此类工作的流行程度进行了新的估计。在全球范围内，五分之一的工作可以在家中完成。在低收入国家，这一比例降至每 26 个工作岗位中的一个。不考虑互联网接入会导致对贫困国家、落后地区和贫困工人的复原力的估计偏上。由于收入较高的工人更有可能在家工作，因此 COVID-19 可能会加剧不平等，尤其是在较富裕的国家，那里收入较高且受过良好教育的工人不受冲击。在贫穷国家，COVID-19 的整体劳动力市场负担必然更大，只有一小部分工人可以在家工作，社会保障体系较弱。在全球范围内，受过良好教育的年轻工人和签订临时合同的工人最不可能在家工作，并且更容易受到 COVID-19 劳动力市场冲击的影响。