ABSTRACT

A Playbook delegation approach was evaluated for human-autonomy teaming (HAT) in Single Pilot Operations (SPO). In SPO, a single pilot makes flight decisions, performs flight tasks, and collaborates with an autonomous teammate. The autonomous teammate shares responsibility, authority, and tasks. Challenges include the design of functions, interactions, and teaming skills. HAT often requires the ability to dynamically allocate functions, and timely methods to accurately express intent to teammates. A Playbook delegation interface was developed to enables the pilot to call and modify plays in collaboration with the autonomous teammate. Twenty pilots evaluated the Playbook interface to explore real-time function allocation, and identified teaming skills needed to support HAT. Pilots preferred the Playbook interface for better collaboration with the autonomous teammate. Interviews revealed that supporting human-like communication in HAT is critical to facilitate decision-making. Four major teaming skills (communication, coordination, cooperation, and cognition) are discussed to support HAT in SPO.

摘要

针对单一飞行员操作（SPO）中的人类自治团队（HAT），评估了Playbook委派方法。在SPO中，一名飞行员可以制定飞行决策，执行飞行任务并与自主队友协作。自主队友分担责任，权力和任务。挑战包括功能设计，交互设计和团队合作能力。HAT通常需要具有动态分配功能的能力，以及及时地向队友准确表达意图的方法。开发了Playbook委派界面，使飞行员能够与自主队友协作调用和修改比赛。二十名飞行员评估了Playbook界面，以探索实时功能分配，并确定了支持HAT所需的分组技能。飞行员更喜欢Playbook界面，以便与自主队友更好地协作。访谈显示，在HAT中支持类人交流对于促进决策至关重要。讨论了四种主要的团队技能（沟通，协调，合作和认知），以支持SPO中的HAT。