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Mosaic metabolic ageing: Basal and standard metabolic rates age in opposite directions and independent of environmental quality, sex and life span in a passerine
Functional Ecology ( IF 4.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-03 , DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13785 Michael Briga 1 , Simon Verhulst 1
中文翻译：
镶嵌代谢老化：基础代谢率和标准代谢率在相反的方向老化，并且不受环境质量，性别和寿命的影响
更新日期：2021-05-07
Functional Ecology ( IF 4.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-03 , DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13785 Michael Briga 1 , Simon Verhulst 1
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- Crucial to our understanding of the ageing process is identifying how traits change with age, which variables alter their ageing process and how these traits associate with fitness.
- Here we investigated metabolic ageing in outdoor‐living captive zebra finches experiencing foraging costs. We longitudinally monitored 407 individuals over 6 years and collected 3,213 measurements of two independent mass‐adjusted metabolic traits: basal metabolic rate (BMRm) at thermoneutral temperatures and standard metabolic rate (SMRm), measured as BMRm but at ambient temperatures below thermoneutrality.
- We define mosaic or asynchronous ageing as the difference in standardized absolute ageing rates between traits, and we estimate the degree of asynchrony using the within‐individual correlation of change in trait values with age.
- BMRm decreased linearly with age, consistent with earlier reports. In contrast, SMRm increased linearly with age. The absolute standardized change with age was significantly faster for BMRm compared to SMRm, and the within‐individual correlation of age related change was negligible. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first quantification of SMRm ageing, and the finding that SMRm and BMRm age in opposite directions.
- Neither metabolic rate nor metabolic ageing rate were associated with variation in life span between individuals. Moreover, experimental manipulations of environmental quality that decreased BMRm and SMRm and shortened life span by 6 months (12%) did not affect the ageing of either metabolic trait. Females lived 2 months (4%) shorter than males, but none of the metabolic traits showed sex‐specific differences at any age.
- Our findings indicate, in contrast to the current view, that baseline energy requirements increase with age, because animals do not generally live in thermoneutral conditions, and illustrate the importance of studying the ageing phenotype in an ecologically realistic setting.
中文翻译：
镶嵌代谢老化：基础代谢率和标准代谢率在相反的方向老化，并且不受环境质量，性别和寿命的影响
- 对我们了解衰老过程至关重要的是，确定性格如何随年龄变化，哪些变量会改变其衰老过程以及这些性格与适应性的关系。
- 在这里，我们调查了在户外觅食的圈养斑马雀的觅食成本中的代谢老化情况。我们在6年中对407个人进行了纵向监测，并收集了3,213个测量值，这些测量值是两个独立的质量调整后的代谢特征：热中性温度下的基础代谢率（BMR m）和标准代谢率（SMR m），以BMR m进行测量，但环境温度低于热中性。
- 我们将镶嵌或异步衰老定义为特征之间标准化绝对衰老率的差异，并使用特征值变化与年龄的内部相关性来估计异步程度。
- BMR m 随着年龄的增长呈线性下降，与早期报道一致。相反，SMR m 随着年龄线性增加。与SMR m相比，BMR m随年龄的绝对标准化变化明显更快，并且与年龄相关的变化在个体内的相关性可以忽略不计。据我们所知，这是SMR第一量化米老化，以及发现，SMR米和BMR米年龄在相反的方向。
- 代谢率和代谢衰老率均与个体之间寿命的变化无关。此外，减少BMR m和SMR m并缩短寿命6个月（12％）的环境质量的实验操作不会影响任何一种代谢性状的衰老。女性的寿命比男性短2个月（4％），但任何年龄的新陈代谢特征均未显示性别特异性差异。
- 与当前观点相反，我们的发现表明，基线能量需求随年龄增长而增加，因为动物通常不生活在热中性条件下，并说明了在生态现实的环境中研究衰老表型的重要性。
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