Bentonite is used as a catalyst in the removal of olefins from aromatic compounds and the present study was designed to investigate how its performance might be improved by various treatments. Bentonite from Semnan mine, Iran, was used in the study following initial characterization. In order to investigate the effect of acid and thermal treatments on the removal of olefins from aromatic compounds, bentonite samples were modified using HNO₃ at different concentrations (0.15, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 1, and 2 M) and were also at temperatures between 100 and 340°C for 3 h. To examine the catalytic activity of bentonite-based catalysts, the samples were evaluated after running batch and continuous experiments. The optimum catalyst was characterized using thermo-programmed desorption (TPD) of NH₃ to examine the acidic sites. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images, nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms (BET analysis), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns were used to study the structural changes of the bentonite produced by the acid and thermal activation. The removal of olefins by the catalysts in batch and continuous systems revealed that the sample modified with 0.3 M Nitric acid at 150°C had superior catalytic activity, with olefin conversion remaining at >50% for up to 20 h. Nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms showed that acid treatment can produce a mesoporous structure. On the other hand, the TPD analysis indicated that during weak acid treatment, some cations, such as Al³⁺ and Fe³⁺, were leached from octahedral sheets and the interlayers of the clay mineral resulting in weak acid sites being generated. Finally, a novel method was proposed and tested for measuring the Bromine Index (BI) using potentiometric titration.

膨润土被用作从芳族化合物中去除烯烃的催化剂，本研究旨在研究如何通过各种处理来改善其性能。在初步表征后，研究中使用了伊朗塞姆南矿的膨润土。为了研究酸和热处理对从芳族化合物中去除烯烃的影响，使用不同浓度（0.15、0.3、0.5、0.7、1和2 M）的HNO ₃对膨润土样品进行了改性，并且温度也相同在100至340°C的温度下放置3小时。为了检查膨润土基催化剂的催化活性，在进行分批和连续实验后对样品进行了评估。使用NH _3的热程序解吸（TPD）表征了最佳催化剂检查酸性部位。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）图像，氮吸附-解吸等温线（BET分析）和X射线衍射（XRD）图案用于研究酸和热活化产生的膨润土的结构变化。在间歇和连续系统中通过催化剂去除烯烃后发现，在150°C下用0.3 M硝酸改性的样品具有出色的催化活性，烯烃转化率可保持> 50％的时间长达20小时。氮吸附-解吸等温线表明酸处理可以产生中孔结构。TPD分析表明，在弱酸处理过程中，一些阳离子，如Al ³⁺和Fe ³⁺，从八面体片浸出，粘土矿物的夹层导致产生弱酸位。最后，提出了一种新的方法，并使用电位滴定法测试了测量溴指数（BI）的方法。