Appositives convey not-at-issue meaning and as such do not generally fall within the scope of operators. Recent research shows that they are, however, capable of shifting interpretation in embedded contexts (Amaral et al., 2007, Harris and Potts, 2009, Sæbø, 2011). This poses the question of whether, and to what extent, they act like presuppositions (i.e. not-at-issue meaning contributing to the semantics of embedded complements) and of how their content becomes intensionally relativized to the attitude holder of an embedding predicate. In this work, I will provide answers to these questions on the basis of new and old evidence from appositives occurring in embedded clausal complements. I propose that, syntactically, appositives are flexibly attached to different (embedded and matrix) sentence positions (Nowen, 2014, Schlenker, 2013). Meaning-wise, the application of the general interpretive requirement on appositives that they be eliminable (Schlenker, 2013) causes their low-attached instantiations to be possibly entailed in their local context. For embedded complements, this local context corresponds to the modal base of the quantification conveyed by the relevant attitude predication (Heim, 1992). This predicts the similarities and differences between them and presupposition triggers in embedded contexts. It also accounts for a wealth of data regarding the behavior of shifted appositives that are otherwise left unexplained.

辅助词传达的不是问题的含义，因此通常不属于操作员的范围。然而，最近的研究表明，它们能够在嵌入式情境中改变解释（Amaral等，2007； Harris and Potts，2009；Sæbø，2011）。这就提出了一个问题，即它们是否以及在何种程度上像预设一样（即，对嵌入的补语的语义有贡献的非实质意义），以及它们的内容如何被内涵化地相对于嵌入谓词的态度持有者。在这项工作中，我将根据嵌入的子句补语中出现的同义词的新旧证据为这些问题提供答案。我建议，从句法上讲，辅助词应灵活地附加到不同的（嵌入和矩阵）句子位置（Nowen，2014； Schlenker，2013）。意思是 将一般解释性要求应用于可消除的依从句（Schlenker，2013年）可能导致它们的低附加实例化可能与它们的局部上下文有关。对于嵌入式补语，这种局部情境对应于相关态度预测所传达的量化模态基础（Heim，1992）。这可以预测嵌入式上下文中它们与预设触发器之间的相似性和差异。它也说明了大量有关移位的食用助剂的行为的数据，否则就无法解释了。这种局部情境对应于相关态度预测所传达的量化模态基础（Heim，1992）。这可以预测嵌入式上下文中它们与预设触发器之间的相似性和差异。它也说明了大量有关移位的食用助剂的行为的数据，否则就无法解释了。这种局部情境对应于相关态度预测所传达的量化模态基础（Heim，1992）。这可以预测嵌入式上下文中它们与预设触发器之间的相似性和差异。它也说明了大量有关移位的食用助剂的行为的数据，否则就无法解释了。