This study investigates the usability of various “dwell times” for selecting visual objects with eye-gaze-based input by means of eye tracking. Two experiments are described in which participants used eye-gaze-based input to select visual objects consisting of alphanumeric characters, dots, or visual icons. First, a preliminary experiment was designed to identify the range of dwell time durations suitable for eye-gaze-based object selection. Twelve participants were asked to evaluate, on a 7-point rating scale, how easily they could perform an object-selection task with a dwell time of 250, 500, 1000, or 2000 ms per object. The evaluations showed that a dwell time of 250 ms to around 1000 ms was rated as potentially useful for object selection with eye-gaze-based input. In the following main experiment, therefore, 30 participants used eye tracking to select object sequences from a display with a dwell time of 200, 400, 800, 1000 or 1200 ms per object. Object selection time, object selection success rate, the number of object selection corrections, and dwell time evaluations were obtained. The results showed that the total time necessary to select visual objects (object selection time) increased when dwell time increased, but longer dwell times resulted in a higher object-selection success rate and fewer object selection corrections. Furthermore, regardless of object type, eye-gaze-based object selection with dwell times of 200–800 ms was significantly slower for participants with glasses than for those without glasses. Most importantly, participant evaluations showed that a dwell time of 600 ms per object was easiest to use for eye-gaze-based selection of all three types of visual objects.

这项研究调查了各种“停留时间”在通过眼动追踪进行基于视线输入的视觉对象选择中的可用性。描述了两个实验，其中参与者使用基于眼睛注视的输入来选择由字母数字字符，点或视觉图标组成的视觉对象。首先，设计了一个初步实验来确定适合基于眼睛注视对象选择的停留时间范围。12名参与者被要求以7分的评分量表评估他们在每个对象的驻留时间为250、500、1000或2000 ms的情况下执行对象选择任务的难易程度。评估表明，对于基于眼睛注视的输入，选择250毫秒到1000毫秒左右的停留时间可能对对象选择很有用。因此，在以下主要实验中，30名参与者使用眼动跟踪从显示器中选择对象序列，每个对象的停留时间为200、400、800、1000或1200 ms。获得了对象选择时间，对象选择成功率，对象选择校正次数和停留时间评估。结果表明，随着停留时间的增加，选择视觉对象所需的总时间（对象选择时间）增加，但是更长的停留时间导致更高的对象选择成功率和更少的对象选择校正。此外，不管对象是什么类型，戴眼镜的参与者的停留时间为200–800 ms的基于眼睛凝视的对象选择要比不戴眼镜的参与者慢得多。最重要的是，