weather. Winter landscapes of Dutch work and play nevertheless remain valuable, Degroot argues, because they reveal cultural perceptions of weather. Like maps of new resource frontiers and new technologies to cope with the cold, paintings reflected an underlying cultural resilience to the LIA. These final chapters reinforce the book’s unique contribution to the debate about the origins and character of the Golden Age during an era of crisis. The Republic thrived not only despite climatic changes but oftentimes as a result of them. Relative to their rivals, the Dutch more effectively capitalized on favorable climatic conditions and more resiliently weathered challenges. The Frigid Golden Age demonstrates that climate should play a larger role in Golden Age historiography, and the book’s interdisciplinary approach, its clear and careful methodology, and diverse use of sources establish an effective approach.

中文翻译：

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想象俄罗斯地区：19世纪俄罗斯的次国家认同与公民社会

天气。德格鲁特认为，尽管如此，荷兰人工作和娱乐的冬季风景仍然很有价值，因为它们展现了人们对天气的文化认知。就像新的资源前沿地图和应对寒冷的新技术一样，油画反映出对LIA的潜在文化适应力。这些最后的章节强化了本书对有关危机时代黄金时代的起源和特征的辩论的独特贡献。共和国不仅在气候变化的情况下蓬勃发展，而且经常由于气候变化而蓬勃发展。相对于他们的竞争对手，荷兰人更有效地利用了有利的气候条件和更具韧性的风化挑战。严寒的黄金时代表明，气候应该在黄金时代的史学中扮演更重要的角色，而这本书的跨学科方法，清晰而谨慎的方法，