This paper empirically revisits the impact of birthplace diversity on economic growth. We use panel data on US states over the 1960-2010 period. This rich data set allows us to better deal with endogeneity issues and to conduct a large set of robustness checks. Our results suggest that diversity among college-educated immigrants positively affects economic growth. We provide converging evidence pointing at the existence of skill complementarities between workers trained in different countries. These synergies result in better labor market outcomes for native workers and in higher productivity in the R&D sector. The gains from diversity are maximized when immigrants originate from economically or culturally distant countries (but not both), and when they acquired part of their secondary education abroad and their college education in the US. Overall, a 10% increase in high-skilled diversity raises GDP per capita by about 6%. On the contrary, low-skilled diversity has insignificant effects.

中文翻译：

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出生地多样性与经济增长：来自二战后美国各州的证据

本文根据经验重新审视出生地多样性对经济增长的影响。我们使用 1960-2010 年期间美国各州的面板数据。这个丰富的数据集使我们能够更好地处理内生性问题并进行大量稳健性检查。我们的研究结果表明，受过大学教育的移民的多样性对经济增长产生积极影响。我们提供了一致的证据，表明在不同国家接受培训的工人之间存在技能互补性。这些协同效应为本土工人带来了更好的劳动力市场成果，并提高了研发部门的生产力。当移民来自经济或文化相距遥远的国家（但不是两者），并且当他们在国外获得部分中学教育和在美国接受大学教育时，多样性的收益最大化。总体而言，高技能多样性增加 10% 可使人均 GDP 提高约 6%。相反，低技能多样性的影响微不足道。