Using olfactory media to enhance traditional multimedia content opens up novel opportunities for user interactions. Whilst the influence of olfaction on user Quality of Experience (QoE) in mulsemedia (multiple sensorial media) environments has been previously studied, the impact of the fundamental dimensions of scent intensity and valence (pleasantness) have been largely unexplored. This is precisely what we target in this paper, which reports the results of an empirical investigation examining how scent intensity and valence impact mulsemedia QoE. Accordingly, 54 participants were exposed to different odor valences and scent intensity levels when viewing three short multimedia clips. In particular, we examine both subjective (self-reported) as well as objective QoE metrics, as evidenced by user heart rates and eye gaze patterns. Results show that whilst eye gaze patterns are largely unaffected by the experimental conditions, valence does have a statistically significant impact upon user heart rates, as does intensity for two of the three clips employed in our study. In terms of subjective QoE, results indicate that valence impacts on the sense of reality and enjoyment; however varying intensity levels do not seem to differentially impact on QoE, bringing into question the need for strong scent intensities.

中文翻译：

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少即是多——使用心率和眼动追踪对 Mulsemedia QoE 中的嗅觉强度和享乐价进行调查

使用嗅觉媒体来增强传统多媒体内容为用户交互开辟了新的机会。虽然之前已经研究了嗅觉对 mulsemedia（多感官媒体）环境中的用户体验质量 (QoE) 的影响，但气味强度和效价（愉悦度）的基本维度的影响在很大程度上尚未得到探索。这正是我们在本文中的目标，它报告了一项实证调查的结果，该调查研究了气味强度和价态如何影响 mulsemedia QoE。因此，当观看三个多媒体短片时，54 名参与者暴露于不同的气味效价和气味强度水平。特别是，我们检查了主观（自我报告）和客观 QoE 指标，如用户心率和眼睛注视模式所证明的那样。结果表明，虽然眼睛注视模式在很大程度上不受实验条件的影响，但效价确实对用户心率有统计上的显着影响，我们研究中使用的三个剪辑中的两个剪辑的强度也是如此。在主观QoE方面，结果表明效价对现实感和享受感有影响；然而，不同的强度水平似乎并没有对 QoE 产生不同的影响，这引发了对强烈气味强度的需求的质疑。