We consider uplink power control in wireless communication when a large number of users compete over the channel resources. The code-division multiple-access (CDMA) protocol, as a supporting technology of 3G networks accommodating signals from different sources over the code domain, represents the orthogonal multiple-access techniques. With the development of fifth-generation wireless networks, nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is introduced to improve the efficiency of channel allocation. Our goal is to investigate whether the power-domain NOMA protocol can introduce performance improvement when the users interact with each other in a noncooperative manner. It is compared with the CDMA protocol, where the fierce competition among users jeopardizes the efficiency of channel usage. In this work, we conduct analysis with an aggregative game model, and show the existence and uniqueness of an equilibrium strategy. Next, we adopt the social welfare of the population as the performance metric, which is the average utility achieved by the user population. It is shown that under the corresponding equilibrium strategies, NOMA outperforms CDMA by the higher efficiency of channel access for uplink communications.

中文翻译：

---

密集网络中的平均场发射功率控制

当大量用户竞争信道资源时，我们考虑无线通信中的上行链路功率控制。作为在码域上容纳来自不同源的信号的3G网络的支持技术，码分多址（CDMA）协议代表了正交多址技术。随着第五代无线网络的发展，引入了非正交多路访问（NOMA）以提高信道分配效率。我们的目标是研究当用户以非合作方式彼此交互时，功率域NOMA协议是否可以引入性能改进。它与CDMA协议进行了比较，在CDMA协议中，用户之间的激烈竞争损害了信道使用的效率。在这项工作中，我们使用综合博弈模型进行分析，并显示出均衡策略的存在和独特性。接下来，我们采用人口的社会福利作为绩效指标，这是用户人口实现的平均效用。结果表明，在相应的均衡策略下，由于上行链路通信的信道访问效率更高，因此NOMA优于CDMA。