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A 24 GHz Microwave Sensor With Built-in Calibration Capability Designed in MMIC Technology
IEEE Access ( IF 3.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-02-19 , DOI: 10.1109/access.2021.3060517
Robert Smolarz , Kamil Staszek , Krzysztof Wincza , Slawomir Gruszczynski

A microwave sensor realized in monolithic technology, intended for permittivity estimation with the use of a highly sensitive coupled-line section, is presented in this paper. It also contains a dedicated measurement circuitry realized as a five-port correlator, therefore, a simple scalar power measurement can be utilized to obtain vector signal corresponding to the measured material without the usage of an external vector network analyzer. To suppress systematic measurement errors arising from the manufactured circuit’s imperfections it is equipped with an integrated calibration block, the parameters of which can be simply tuned with two biasing voltages. The sensor is calibrated following a recently reported procedure, which requires neither known nor specific calibration values, in contrast to other methods with much stronger constraints. It is shown for the first time, that a measurement system incorporating a multiport correlator can be successfully calibrated with such arbitrarily chosen settings of the calibration block. To experimentally validate correctness of the calibration’s convergence, the developed sensor is calibrated multiple times with different sets of the calibration block’s settings, each time resulting in the same output values. It proves that the approach to calibration of measurement systems incorporating the multiport correlator can be significantly simplified with no impact on calibration accuracy. Finally, the measurement of the sensor’s response for two dielectric samples clearly demonstrates the advantages of the utilized calibration.

中文翻译:

采用MMIC技术设计的具有内置校准功能的24 GHz微波传感器

本文介绍了一种采用单片技术实现的微波传感器,该传感器旨在通过使用高度敏感的耦合线段来估计介电常数。它还包含一个实现为五端口相关器的专用测量电路,因此,可以使用简单的标量功率测量来获得与被测材料相对应的矢量信号,而无需使用外部矢量网络分析仪。为了抑制由制造电路的缺陷引起的系统性测量误差,它配备了集成的校准模块,可以通过两个偏置电压简单地调整其参数。传感器是根据最近报告的程序进行校准的,与其他方法相比,该方法既不需要已知的校准值也不需要特定的校准值,而其他方法的约束要强得多。首次显示,可以使用校准模块的这种任意选择的设置成功校准包含多端口相关器的测量系统。为了通过实验验证校准收敛的正确性,使用不同组的校准块设置对开发的传感器进行多次校准,每次得到相同的输出值。事实证明,结合多端口相关器的测量系统的校准方法可以大大简化,而不会影响校准精度。最后,对两个电介质样品的传感器响应的测量清楚地证明了所利用校准的优势。包含多端口相关器的测量系统可以使用校准模块的这种任意选择的设置成功进行校准。为了通过实验验证校准收敛的正确性,使用不同组的校准块设置对开发的传感器进行多次校准,每次得到相同的输出值。事实证明,结合多端口相关器的测量系统的校准方法可以大大简化,而不会影响校准精度。最后,对两个电介质样品的传感器响应的测量清楚地证明了所利用校准的优势。包含多端口相关器的测量系统可以使用校准模块的这种任意选择的设置成功进行校准。为了通过实验验证校准收敛的正确性,使用不同组的校准块设置对开发的传感器进行多次校准,每次得到相同的输出值。事实证明,结合多端口相关器的测量系统的校准方法可以大大简化,而不会影响校准精度。最后,对两个电介质样品的传感器响应的测量清楚地证明了所利用校准的优势。使用不同组的校准块设置,对开发的传感器进行多次校准,每次得到相同的输出值。事实证明,结合多端口相关器的测量系统的校准方法可以大大简化,而不会影响校准精度。最后,对两个电介质样品的传感器响应的测量清楚地证明了所利用校准的优势。使用不同组的校准块设置,对开发的传感器进行多次校准,每次得到相同的输出值。事实证明,结合多端口相关器的测量系统的校准方法可以大大简化,而不会影响校准精度。最后,对两个电介质样品的传感器响应的测量清楚地证明了所利用校准的优势。
更新日期:2021-03-02
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