The analysis of the magnetic structure factor obtained after imaging a field-demagnetized artificial square ice reveals qualitative deviations from what would predict the six-vertex model. More specifically, additional features appear for certain $q$ vectors in the experimental magnetic structure factor that are absent in the theoretical one. Using Monte Carlo simulations, we demonstrate that these features originate from dipolarlike, farther neighbor couplings. Our results thus show that the long-range magnetostatic interactions coupling the nanomagnets are not totally washed out in a field-demagnetized artificial square ice and cannot be neglected as they impact the magnetic correlations within or at the vicinity of the ice manifold. Artificial square ice systems are then expected to ultimately order, provided that the ground state can be approached.

中文翻译：

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人造方冰中更近邻耦合的特征

对经过磁场消磁的人造方冰成像后获得的磁结构因子的分析显示，与预测六顶点模型的结果存在质的偏差。更具体地说，某些功能会在某些情况下出现$q$理论上不存在的实验磁结构因子中的向量。使用蒙特卡洛模拟，我们证明了这些特征源自偶极状，更近的邻居耦合。因此，我们的结果表明，耦合纳米磁体的远距离静磁相互作用在场消磁的人造方冰中并未完全被洗掉，并且由于它们影响了冰流形内部或附近的磁相关性，因此不能忽略。如果可以接近基态，那么人造方冰系统最终将有望实现排序。