Several agronomic factors, including planting density, affect plant growth and final yield. New soil suffers from severe fertility shortage and crop productivity. Potassium humate (KH) application improves soil fertility and plant performance under new soil conditions. Therefore, this investigation was performed in two seasons of 2018/2019 and 2019/2020 to study the impact of KH application at the rate of 50 kg hectare⁻¹ (ha⁻¹) on growth, yield, physio-biochemical attributes, plant water status and nutrients in faba bean plants grown in newly reclaimed soil under three planting densities, i.e., D₁ = 222.222 plants ha⁻¹ (15 × 60 cm), D₂ = 166.666 plants ha⁻¹ (20 × 60 cm) and D₃ = 133.333 plants ha⁻¹ (25 × 60 cm). The results showed that KH application enhanced tissue water status by increasing the membrane stability index (MSI%) and relative water content (RWC%), while electric leakage (EL%) was reduced, alongside increased growth attributes physio-biochemical properties and nutrients. These results were positively reflected by the improved yield and its components (i.e., number of pods plant⁻¹, 100-seed weight, seed yield plant⁻¹ and seed yield ha⁻¹) in favor of the medium planting density (166.666 plants ha⁻¹). The results of the current study showed that the application of KH with the medium planting density (20 × 60 cm) was the best treatment combination to enhance the performance and productivity (2.97 ton ha⁻¹) of faba bean plants grown under newly reclaimed soil conditions.

中文翻译：

---

腐殖酸钾和种植密度对新开垦土壤中蚕豆生长，生理性状和产量的综合影响

几个农业因素，包括种植密度，都会影响植物的生长和最终产量。新土壤严重缺乏肥力和农作物生产力。在新的土壤条件下，腐植酸钾（KH）的使用可改善土壤肥力和植物生长。因此，本研究在2018/2019年和2019/2020年两个季节进行，以研究KH施用量为50 kg公顷^-1（ha ^-1）对生长，产量，生理生化特性，植物水分的影响D ₁ = 222.222植物ha ^-1（15×60 cm），D ₂ = 166.666植物ha ^-1（20×60 cm）和D三种种植密度下新开垦土壤中蚕豆植物的营养状况和养分₃ = 133.333株植物，公顷^-1（25×60厘米）。结果表明，钾肥通过增加膜的稳定性指数（MSI％）和相对水含量（RWC％）来增强组织水分状况，同时减少漏电（EL％），同时增加生长属性的生理生化特性和养分。这些结果通过提高产量及其组成部分（即豆荚植物^-1的数量，100种种子的重量，种子产量的植物^-1和种子产量的ha ^-1）得到了积极反映，有利于中等种植密度（166.666株植物ha ^-1）。目前的研究结果表明，以中等种植密度（20×60 cm）施用KH是提高在新开垦土壤下种植的蚕豆植物的性能和生产力（2.97 ton ha ^-1 ）的最佳处理组合。情况。