Introduction

Women and men experience sleep differently and the difference in intrinsic desire for sleep might underlie some of the observed male-female differences. The objective of this cross-sectional questionnaire study of university students was to determine male-female differences in self-reported sleepiness and sleep-wake patterns.

Methods

Five questionnaires were completed by 1650 students at four Russian universities.

Results

Compared to male students, female students reported a lower subjective sleep quality score, had a higher morning sleepability score and lower nighttime and daytime wakeability scores. They more often reported excessive daytime sleepiness and expected to be sleepier at any time of the day with the largest male-female difference around the times of sleep onset and offset. On free days, they reported a longer sleep duration and an earlier sleep onset. Free-weekday difference was larger for sleep duration and smaller for sleep onset. Such male-female differences showed similarity to the differences observed in university and high school students from different countries around the globe. There was no significant male-female difference in weekly averaged sleep duration, weekday sleep duration, hours slept, midpoint of sleep on free days, free-weekday difference in sleep offset, social jetlag, and morningness-eveningness score. Therefore, when studies rely on these self-reports, the most salient male-female differences might not be immediately evident.

Conclusions

It seems that the intrinsic desire for longer sleep duration might contribute to a higher susceptibility of female students to weekday sleep loss. Among these students, negative effects of reduced sleep duration might be more common and more detrimental.

中文翻译：

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男女大学生嗜睡、平日睡眠不足、周末睡眠时长的差异

介绍

女性和男性的睡眠体验不同，对睡眠的内在渴望的差异可能是观察到的一些男女差异的基础。这项对大学生进行横断面问卷调查的目的是确定男性与女性在自我报告的困倦和睡眠-觉醒模式方面的差异。

方法

俄罗斯四所大学的 1650 名学生完成了五份问卷。

结果

与男学生相比，女学生的主观睡眠质量评分较低，早晨的睡眠评分较高，夜间和白天的觉醒评分较低。他们更经常报告白天过度嗜睡，并预计在一天中的任何时间都会更困，在入睡和睡眠时间前后的男女差异最大。在空闲的日子里，他们报告说睡眠时间更长，入睡时间更早。睡眠时间的自由工作日差异较大，睡眠开始的差异较小。这种男女差异与在全球不同国家的大学和高中生中观察到的差异相似。在每周平均睡眠时间、工作日睡眠时间、睡眠时间、空闲日睡眠中点方面，男女之间没有显着差异，睡眠偏移、社交时差和早晚得分的自由工作日差异。因此，当研究依赖于这些自我报告时，最显着的男女差异可能不会立即显现出来。

结论

似乎对更长睡眠时间的内在渴望可能导致女学生对工作日睡眠不足的敏感性更高。在这些学生中，减少睡眠时间的负面影响可能更常见，也更有害。