Do initial trustworthiness beliefs only have a short-term, temporary effect on one’s behavior and perceptions? Or might these initial beliefs have a lasting, robust effect that persists over time and in subsequent interactions? Trust development theories do not provide a consistent answer. Some research predicts the initial trustworthiness belief will be fleeting, whereas other research suggests it will have a more lasting role. We reconcile these different predictions by drawing on accessibility theory, and by conducting a longitudinal field study and two experimental studies. Our research tests the impact of initial trustworthiness beliefs on behaviors and perceptions following an exchange in which the trustworthiness of a counterpart plays a critical role. The studies confirm that initial trustworthiness beliefs continue to affect perceivers’ behaviors and perceptions in a subsequent exchange, even after a trust violation. However, following a two-week delay between interactions, the relationship becomes more complex. Our findings contribute to the trust literature by demonstrating the mostly robust nature of initial trustworthiness beliefs and explaining why and how these beliefs motivate future perceptions and behaviors.

最初的可信度信念只会对一个人的行为和看法产生短期的，暂时的影响吗？还是这些最初的信念会产生持久，强大的影响，并随着时间的流逝以及随后的互动而持续存在？信任发展理论不能提供一致的答案。一些研究表明，最初的可信赖性信念将转瞬即逝，而另一些研究表明，它将具有更持久的作用。我们通过可访问性理论，进行纵向研究和两个实验研究来调和这些不同的预测。我们的研究测试了交换后初始信任度信念对行为和观念的影响，在交换中对方的信任度起着至关重要的作用。这些研究证实，即使在违反信任之后，最初的可信赖性信念仍会在随后的交流中继续影响感知者的行为和看法。但是，在两次互动之间延迟了两周之后，这种关系变得更加复杂。我们的发现通过展示最初的可信赖性信念的绝大部分性质，并解释了这些信念为何以及如何激发未来的感知和行为，从而为信任文学做出了贡献。