Abstract

The design and construction of coastal structures such as breakwaters, at great water depths is rapidly increasing as a result of the increasing draught of large vessels and off-shore land reclamations. Vertical caisson breakwaters may be the best alternative compared to ordinary rubble mound breakwaters in larger water depths, in terms of performance, total costs, environmental aspects, construction time and maintenance. To fulfilling the functional utility and impact of the structure on the sea environment, it is necessary to study the hydraulic performance. This can be found by field investigation, numerical simulations and by physical modelling. Scale modelling techniques are used to study various coastal engineering problems. This article presents the results obtained by conducting series of experiments in two-dimensional wave flume to assess the hydrodynamic performance of vertical-caisson breakwater, which is made of concrete, with the protection of toe. The dynamic pressure distribution, wave runup, wave reflection, wave forces and stability parameter on the vertical caisson breakwater are discussed. The maximum wave force on the wall breakwater is calculated from measured pressure values and is compared with the forces calculated by Goda’s and Sainflou wave theories.

摘要

由于大型船舶的吃水增加和近海土地开垦，大水深的沿海结构（例如防波堤）的设计和建造正在迅速增加。在性能、总成本、环境方面、施工时间和维护方面，垂直沉箱防波堤可能是较大水深的普通碎石堆防波堤的最佳替代方案。为了实现结构的功能利用和对海洋环境的影响，有必要研究水力性能。这可以通过现场调查、数值模拟和物理建模来发现。比例建模技术用于研究各种海岸工程问题。本文介绍了通过在二维波浪槽中进行一系列实验获得的结果，以评估由混凝土制成的垂直沉箱防波堤的水动力性能，并具有脚趾保护。讨论了竖向沉箱防波堤的动压力分布、波浪助推、波浪反射、波浪力和稳定性参数。墙防波堤上的最大波浪力由测量的压力值计算得出，并与 Goda 和 Sainflou 波浪理论计算的力进行比较。