The Covid-19 pandemic newly brings food resilience in cities to our attention and the need to question the desired degree of food self-sufficiency through urban agriculture. While these questions are by no means new and periodically entering the global research focus and policy discussions during periods of crises — the last time during the global financial crisis and resulting food price increases in 2008 — urban and peri-urban agriculture continue to be replaced by land-uses rendering higher market values (e.g. housing, transport, leisure). The loss of priority for urban agriculture in urban land-use planning is a global trend with only a few exceptions. We argue in this essay that this development has widely taken place due to three blind spots in urban planning. First, the limited consideration of social and ecological vulnerabilities and risk-related inequalities of urban inhabitants, food shortage among them, in the face of different scenarios of global change, including climate change or pandemic events such as Covid-19. Second, the disregard of the intensified negative environmental (and related social) externalities caused by distant agricultural production, as well as lacking consideration of nutrient re-cycling potentials in cities (e.g. from wastewater) to replace emission intensive mineral fertilizer use. Third, the lack of accounting for the multifunctionality of urban agriculture and the multiple benefits it provides beyond the provision of food, including social benefits and insurance values, for instance the maintenance of cultural heritage and agro-biodiversity. Along these lines, we argue that existing and new knowledge about urban risks and vulnerabilities, the spatially explicit urban metabolism (e.g. energy, water, nutrients), as well as ecosystem services need to be stronger and jointly considered in land-use decision-making.

Covid-19大流行最近使我们注意到城市的食物弹性，以及需要通过城市农业质疑食物自给度的理想程度。尽管这些问题绝不是新问题，并且在危机期间（全球金融危机期间的最后一次以及由此导致的2008年食品价格上涨）在周期性地进入了全球研究重点和政策讨论，但都市农业和城郊农业继续被取代具有较高市场价值的土地用途（例如住房，交通，休闲）。除了少数例外，城市农业在城市土地使用规划中失去优先地位是一种全球趋势。我们在本文中认为，由于城市规划中的三个盲点，这种发展已广泛发生。第一的，在面对全球变化的各种情况（包括气候变化或Covid-19等大流行事件）的情况下，对城市居民的社会和生态脆弱性以及与风险相关的不平等现象的考虑有限，其中包括粮食短缺。其次，忽视了遥远的农业生产所造成的加剧的负面环境（及相关社会）外部性，以及缺乏考虑城市中营养物质循环利用潜力（例如来自废水）以替代排放密集型矿物肥料的使用。第三，没有考虑到城市农业的多功能性及其在提供粮食之外提供的多重利益，包括社会利益和保险价值，例如维护文化遗产和农业生物多样性。沿着这些思路，