Over the past 10 years, our research team has holistically studied the environmental aspects of the conservation and restoration of the Hagia Sophia, which is suffering from severe degradation of its wall paintings, including the exfoliation of wall paintings and inner finishing materials, mainly due to salt crystallisation. In the present study, we investigated the influence of environmental factors and wall composition on the hygrothermal behaviour in the structure, such as moisture accumulation and evaporation within the walls, which significantly affect salt crystallisation. The differences in distribution of high moisture content at second cornice are depending on the azimuth, and the high correlation between high moisture content and deterioration severity is significant. A two-dimensional numerical model of the simultaneous transfer of heat and moisture considering the measured material physical properties and wall composition of the exedra wall is developed to quantitatively investigate the influence of environmental factors on moisture accumulation. Numerical results show that infiltrated rainwater tends to accumulate because the original builders used connection mortar, which has a much larger moisture diffusivity than that of modern mortar, and the accumulated water at the bottom of the wall is difficult to drain owing to the shape of the wall. In the northwest exedra, the influence of wind-driven rain on water accumulation is similar to that of runoff rainwater from the upper roofs, which probably causes deterioration over a wide area. In addition, the effect of the deterioration suppression measure by the re-covering of the outer surfaces of the west wall in 2013 is verified, and an appropriate suppression measure against water permeation is examined using a numerical model.

在过去的10年中，我们的研究团队全面研究了圣索非亚大教堂（Hagia Sophia）保护和修复的环境方面，圣索菲亚大教堂的壁画正遭受严重退化，包括壁画和内部装饰材料的剥落，这主要是由于盐结晶。在本研究中，我们调查了环境因素和墙体成分对结构中湿热行为的影响，例如墙体内的水分积累和蒸发，这会严重影响盐的结晶。第二檐口高水分含量分布的差异取决于方位角，高水分含量与劣化严重程度之间的高度相关性很明显。建立了考虑到被测材料物理性能和壁壁组成的二维热与水分同时传递数值模型，以定量研究环境因素对水分积累的影响。数值结果表明，渗入的雨水易于积聚，这是因为原始建筑商使用的连接砂浆的水分扩散率比现代砂浆大得多，并且墙体底部的积水由于排水孔的形状而难以排出。墙。在西北地区，风雨对积水的影响与上部屋顶的径流雨水的影响相似，这可能导致大面积土地退化。此外，