ABSTRACT

Research Findings: The study explored everyday parenting behaviors and their relations to parents’ involvement in their children’s digital activities during the COVID-19 lockdown, among Israeli Jewish and Arab parents of young children. We studied parents’ behaviors through the prism of the Parenting Pentagon Model (PPM), which integrates five constructs of daily parenting behaviors that are beneficial for children’s development: Partnership between the caretakers, Parental Leadership, Love Behaviors, Encouraging Independence, and Adherence to Rules. Participants, 487 parents (290 Jewish and 197 Arab) of children (2-to-8-years-old) answered questionnaires. Findings showed that both Jewish and Arab parents reported that Love behaviors were most frequent during the lockdown, followed by Leadership. Encouragement of Independence, adherence to Rules and Partnership were less frequent. Additionally, the more parents behaved beneficially in their daily life (according to PPM), the more they were involved in their child’s digital activities, beyond family background (child’s age, parent’s education, and family’s size). Practice or Policy: The results can assist in planning support programs for parents during times of crisis. Parental guidance regarding beneficial parenting and advantageous involvement in children’s digital activities may be more helpful than restrictions and warnings regarding the risk of young children’s exposure to digital activities and screens.

摘要

研究成果：该研究探讨了在 COVID-19 封锁期间，以色列犹太和阿拉伯幼儿父母的日常养育行为及其与父母参与孩子数字活动的关系。我们通过养育五角大楼模型 (PPM) 的棱镜研究了父母的行为，该模型整合了对儿童发展有益的五种日常养育行为结构：看护人之间的伙伴关系、父母领导、爱的行为、鼓励独立和遵守规则. 参与者，487 名儿童（2 至 8 岁）的父母（290 名犹太人和 197 名阿拉伯人）回答了问卷。调查结果表明，犹太和阿拉伯父母都报告说，在封锁期间爱行为最频繁，其次是领导力。鼓励独立，遵守规则和伙伴关系的频率较低。此外，父母在日常生活中表现得越有益（根据 PPM），他们越多地参与孩子的数字活动，而不仅仅是家庭背景（孩子的年龄、父母的教育和家庭规模）。实践或政策：结果有助于在危机时期为父母制定支持计划。关于有益养育和有利参与儿童数字活动的父母指导可能比关于幼儿接触数字活动和屏幕风险的限制和警告更有帮助。