This introduction to the special issue “Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Effort” highlights the relevance of effort as a research object and pinpoints the potential of various approaches to contribute to the advancement of knowledge on this multifaceted phenomenon. Addressing three dimensions of research—on the measurement, determinants, and consequences of effort—the article also gives an overview of the collection of articles in the special issue. In terms of measurement, we distinguish between self-reported individual characteristics related to effort, on the one hand, and behavioral measures of effort referring to task performance on the other. Concerning determinants, we review the ways in which studies find incentives, personality characteristics, and family background to affect individual effort provisions. Finally, when it comes to consequences, we discuss effort as a source of legitimate entitlement to rewards, speaking to normative theories of justice, and effort as a driver of socioeconomic achievement, referencing debates about the respective benefits of cognitive and noncognitive skills. In concluding, the article distills selected lessons learned for future research on effort.

本特刊“努力的跨学科观点”的介绍着重强调了努力作为研究对象的相关性，并指出了各种方法在促进这一多方面现象的知识发展方面的潜力。本文探讨了研究的三个方面-度量，决定因素和努力的后果-并对本期特刊中的文章集进行了概述。在衡量方面，我们一方面区分与工作量相关的自我报告的个人特征，另一方面，区分与任务绩效相关的工作量的行为量度。关于决定因素，我们回顾了研究发现激励，个性特征和家庭背景以影响个人努力规定的方式。最后，当涉及后果时，我们将努力作为合法获得奖励的权利的来源，对规范的正义理论进行讨论，并作为社会经济成就的推动力，并讨论有关认知和非认知技能各自好处的辩论。最后，本文摘录了一些经验教训，供以后进行努力研究之用。