An event-history analysis of ten rural villages in Spain from 1750 to 1949 indicates that the likelihood of parents having additional children was influenced by the number of their surviving children and the children’s sex composition. Parents whose children had a low survival rate had more children than parents whose children generally survived. Exclusively having daughters during the pre-transitional period also reflected, to a limited degree, the likelihood of new conception. The results suggest that some families adapted their reproductive behavior to their desired objectives. In the pre-transitional period, as well as during the transition itself, decisions to control or encourage fertility often appear to have been based on family size and composition.

对西班牙1750年至1949年的10个乡村进行的事件历史分析表明，父母生下更多子女的可能性受其存活子女数量和子女性别构成的影响。子女存活率较低的父母比子女普遍存活的父母要多。在过渡前期独生女儿也反映了新观念的可能性。结果表明，一些家庭使其生殖行为适应了他们的预期目标。在过渡前时期以及过渡时期本身，控制或鼓励生育的决定往往似乎是基于家庭人数和组成。