ABSTRACT

Agriculture needs to supply food for a growing population whilst also minimising the environmental impact, and the adoption of sustainable agriculture systems has been proposed as a solution to achieve this. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of seven fertilisation treatments (FT1-FT6 organic fertilisers, FT7 conventional fertiliser) and two irrigation methods (drenching and non-recirculating subirrigation (NRS)) on plant growth, yield, fruit quality and polyphenol concentrations in grape tomatoes. For plants irrigated by drenching, leaf dry weight (dw), total plant biomass dw, fruit number and total yield were higher in the organic fertilisation treatment FT6 (including fish-derived protein hydrolysate as an N-source), surpassing the conventional treatment (FT7) by 35%, 9%, 21%, and 4% for these parameters, respectively, though the difference was only significant for leaf dw. For plants grown with NRS, the total yield in FT7 was higher than that in any of the organic fertiliser treatments. In the organic treatments FT1, FT3 and FT4 the tomatoes had higher total soluble solids concentrations than the fruit in FT7. With drench irrigation, the concentrations of total hydrolysable polyphenols were highest in FT2, FT5 and FT7, but with NRS, it was highest is FT2. With drenching, the concentration of total condensed polyphenols was highest in FT1, whereas with NRS it was similar in all fertilisation treatments. The results indicated that for the production of grape tomatoes, adding fish-derived protein hydrolysates and using the subirrigation system can help reduce the gap between the yields of organic and conventional systems.

摘要

农业需要为不断增长的人口提供粮食，同时也要尽量减少对环境的影响，因此建议采用可持续农业系统作为实现这一目标的解决方案。这项研究的目的是评估七种施肥处理方法（FT1-FT6有机肥，FT7常规肥料）和两种灌溉方法（疏水和非循环亚灌溉（NRS））对植物生长，产量，果实品质和多酚的影响葡萄番茄中的浓度。对于通过灌溉进行灌溉的植物，在有机施肥处理FT6中（包括鱼类来源的蛋白水解产物作为氮源），叶干重（dw），植物总生物量dw，果实数和总产量更高，超过了常规处理（对于这些参数，FT7）分别降低了35％，9％，21％和4％，尽管差异仅对叶dw有意义。对于使用NRS种植的植物，FT7的总产量高于任何有机肥料处理的总产量。在FT1，FT3和FT4有机处理中，番茄的总可溶性固形物浓度高于FT7中的水果。进行透水灌溉时，FT2，FT5和FT7中的总可水解多酚浓度最高，而使用NRS时，FT2最高。浸透后，FT1中的总缩合多酚浓度最高，而使用NRS，在所有施肥处理中均相似。结果表明，对于葡萄番茄的生产，添加鱼类衍生的蛋白水解物并使用地下灌溉系统可以帮助减少有机系统与常规系统之间的产量差距。