Abstract

Objectives

While sense of purpose is a robust predictor of well-being, little work has considered whether the associations vary based on future time perspective. Exploring this possibility is important given that the extent to which one may pursue their life aims could be dependent upon how much time they feel that they have remaining.

Methods

Using three samples (total n = 2333), the current study considered the association between sense of purpose and future time perspective. Moderation tests also examined whether the associations between sense of purpose and three well-being components (positive affect, negative affect, life satisfaction) differed as a function of future time perspective.

Results

Across all three studies, people with a broader time perspective reported a higher sense of purpose. Both constructs predicted greater well-being, even after accounting for chronological age. Future time perspective moderated the associations between sense of purpose and well-being, such that the negative association between sense of purpose and negative affect was stronger for those with a broader time perspective and the positive association between sense of purpose and life satisfaction was stronger for those with a limited time perspective.

Conclusion

The well-being benefits associated with sense of purpose in adulthood may depend on future time perspective. Findings are discussed in the context of how purpose can be harnessed to enhance well-being even when older adults feel that their time left is limited.

中文翻译：

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当感觉接近尾声时：目标感预测幸福感是未来时间视角的函数

摘要

目标

虽然目的感是幸福感的有力预测指标，但很少有工作考虑到这种关联是否会根据未来的时间视角而变化。探索这种可能性很重要，因为一个人追求生活目标的程度可能取决于他们觉得自己还剩下多少时间。

方法

目前的研究使用三个样本（总共n  = 2333），考虑了目的感与未来时间视角之间的关联。适度测试还检查了目的感与三个幸福成分（积极情绪、消极情绪、生活满意度）之间的关联是否作为未来时间视角的函数而不同。

结果

在所有三项研究中，具有更广泛时间视角的人报告了更高的使命感。即使在考虑到实际年龄之后，这两种结构都预测出更大的幸福感。未来时间视角调节了目标感与幸福感之间的关联，即目标感与负面情绪之间的负相关关系在时间视角更广的人中更强，而目标感与生活满意度之间的正相关关系在时间视角更广的人中更强。那些时间有限的人。

结论

与成年目标感相关的幸福感可能取决于未来的时间视角。研究结果是在如何利用目标来提高幸福感的背景下讨论的，即使老年人觉得他们剩下的时间有限。