Abstract

Objective

Results from studies investigating life satisfaction, positive affect and happiness of near-centenarians (95+) and centenarians are inconsistent. This is the first systematic review to summarise the extant literature on the subjective well-being of this unique age group.

Method

Seven electronic databases (PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Web of Science and the Cochrane database for systematic reviews) were systematically searched. Subjective well-being was defined as life satisfaction, positive affect and happiness. A narrative synthesis of relevant articles was undertaken.

Results

Of 28 studies eligible for inclusion in this review, 20 predominantly examined life satisfaction, 11 positive affect and 4 happiness. Sex and other demographic variables were not significant predictors of subjective well-being. In contrast, greater perceived health was significantly associated with higher levels of life satisfaction and positive affect. Fatigue and visual impairment were significantly correlated with lower levels of life satisfaction and positive affect. However, there was considerable heterogeneity in the findings on physical, cognitive and social associations, mediators and moderators.

Conclusion

The large discrepancy of results in the literature may be explained by methodological differences between studies. Centenarian research needs a clearer definition of life satisfaction, positive affect and happiness as their operationalisation is inconsistent. An international consortium of centenarian studies could facilitate cross-cultural comparisons on subjective well-being. Future research should be directed towards interventions that promote subjective well-being in the oldest-old.

中文翻译：

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对近百岁老人和百岁老人生活满意度、积极情感和幸福感的关联、中介和调节因素的系统回顾

摘要

客观的

调查近百岁老人（95+）和百岁老人的生活满意度、积极影响和幸福感的研究结果不一致。这是第一个系统综述，总结了有关这一独特年龄组主观幸福感的现有文献。

方法

系统地检索了七个电子数据库（PubMed、MEDLINE、EMBASE、PsycINFO、CINAHL、Web of Science 和 Cochrane 系统评价数据库）。主观幸福感被定义为生活满意度、积极情感和幸福感。对相关文章进行了叙述性综合。

结果

在符合纳入本次综述的 28 项研究中，20 项主要考察生活满意度，11 项研究积极情绪，4 项研究幸福感。性别和其他人口变量并不是主观幸福感的重要预测因素。相比之下，更好的健康感知与更高水平的生活满意度和积极情绪显着相关。疲劳和视力障碍与较低的生活满意度和积极情绪显着相关。然而，关于身体、认知和社会关联、中介和调节因素的研究结果存在相当大的异质性。

结论

文献中结果的巨大差异可能是由于研究之间的方法差异造成的。百岁研究需要对生活满意度、积极情感和幸福有一个更清晰的定义，因为它们的可操作性不一致。国际百岁老人研究联盟可以促进主观幸福感的跨文化比较。未来的研究应该针对促进老年人主观幸福感的干预措施。