The objective of this experiment was to study the effect of feeding pellet containing high sulphur (PELFUR) diet and fresh cassava root (FCR) to Thai native beef cattle on feed use efficiency, ruminal characteristics and blood metabolites. Four male purebred Thai native beef cattle (1.5–2.0 years old) with initial body weight (BW) of 150 ± 15.0 kg were allocated with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement in a 4 × 4 Latin square design. Factor A was FCR supplementation at 15 and 20 g/kg of BW. Factor B was the sulphur level in the PELFUR ration at 15 and 30 g/kg of dry matter (DM). No interaction effect was found among FCR supplementation and PELFUR in terms of feed intake and nutrient intake (p > 0.05). Cyanide intake was significantly increased based on FCR supplementation (p < 0.05), whereas sulphur intake was increased by level addition of PELFUR levels (p < 0.05). There were interaction effects among FCR supplementation and PELFUR on digestibility coefficients of DM and organic matter (OM) (p < 0.05). FCR supplementation at 20 g/kg BW with PELFUR 30 g/kg demonstrated the highest digestibility of DM and OM. Moreover, interactions were observed between FCR and PELFUR for bacterial populations (p < 0.01). The populations of bacteria were highest in FCR supplementation at 20 g/kg BW with PELFUR 30 g/kg at various feeding times. An interaction effect from among feeding FCR with PELFUR was found on blood thiocyanate concentrations at various feeding times (p < 0.01). The highest mean values of blood thiocyanate were observed when feeding FCR at 20 g/kg BW with PELFUR at 30 g/kg. No interaction effect was found between FCR and PELFUR on total volatile fatty acids (VFA) and their profiles (p > 0.05). However, the proportions of the total VFA at 0 and 4 h post-feeding were increased when FCR at 20 g/kg BW was supplemented (p < 0.01). FCR at 20 g/kg BW could enhance propionate (C3) at 4 h post-feeding when compared with FCR at 15 g/kg BW (p < 0.01). Moreover, supplementation of PELFUR at 30 g/kg increased the total VFA at 0 and 4 h post-feeding, whereas the concentration of C3 at 4 h post-feeding was enhanced (p < 0.05). However, no significant changes were found for any parameters among treatments and between the main effect of FCR and PELFUR supplementation (p > 0.05). In conclusion, feeding of two combinations (FCR 20 g/kg BW with PELFUR 30 g/kg) could promote the nutrient digestibility, the bacterial populations and the rate of disappearance of cyanide without having any adverse effect on rumen fermentation.

中文翻译：

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饲喂含新鲜木薯根的高硫颗粒饲料对泰国本土肉牛饲料利用效率、瘤胃特性和血液代谢物的影响

本实验的目的是研究给泰国本土肉牛饲喂含高硫 (PELFUR) 饲料和新鲜木薯根 (FCR) 的颗粒饲料对饲料利用效率、瘤胃特性和血液代谢物的影响。四头初始体重 (BW) 为 150 ± 15.0 kg 的雄性纯种泰国本土肉牛（1.5-2.0 岁）被分配到 4 × 4 拉丁方设计中的 2 × 2 因子排列。因子 A 是在 15 和 20 g/kg BW 下补充 FCR。因素 B 是 15 和 30 g/kg 干物质 (DM) 的 PELFUR 配给中的硫含量。在饲料摄入量和营养摄入量方面，未发现 FCR 补充剂和 PELFUR 之间存在交互作用（p  > 0.05）。基于 FCR 补充剂，氰化物摄入量显着增加（p < 0.05)，而通过添加 PELFUR 水平会增加硫的摄入量 ( p  < 0.05)。添加 FCR 和 PELFUR 对 DM 和有机物 (OM) 的消化率系数存在交互作用 ( p  < 0.05)。以 20 g/kg BW 和 PELFUR 30 g/kg 补充 FCR 表明 DM 和 OM 的消化率最高。此外，观察到细菌种群的 FCR 和 PELFUR 之间存在相互作用（p  < 0.01）。在不同饲喂时间添加 FCR 20 g/kg BW 和 PELFUR 30 g/kg 时，细菌数量最高。发现饲喂 FCR 与 PELFUR 对不同饲喂时间的血硫氰酸盐浓度存在交互作用（p < 0.01)。当饲喂 FCR 20 g/kg BW 和 PELFUR 30 g/kg 时，观察到血液硫氰酸盐的最高平均值。未发现 FCR 和 PELFUR 之间对总挥发性脂肪酸 (VFA) 及其分布的相互作用影响 ( p  > 0.05)。然而，当补充 20 g/kg BW 的 FCR 时，饲喂后 0 和 4 小时总 VFA 的比例增加（p  < 0.01）。与 15 g/kg BW 的 FCR 相比，20 g/kg BW 的 FCR 可以提高喂食后 4 小时的丙酸盐 (C3)（p  < 0.01）。此外，补充 30 g/kg 的 PELFUR 增加了喂食后 0 和 4 小时的总 VFA，而喂食后 4 小时的 C3 浓度增加（p < 0.05)。然而，在处理之间以及 FCR 和 PELFUR 补充的主要效果之间没有发现任何参数的显着变化（p  > 0.05）。总之，两种组合的饲喂（FCR 20 g/kg BW 和 PELFUR 30 g/kg）可以促进营养物质的消化率、细菌数量和氰化物的消失率，而不会对瘤胃发酵产生任何不利影响。