The conceptualization of adaptive immunity, founded on the observation of immunological memory, has served as the basis for modern vaccination and immunotherapy approaches. This fundamental concept has allowed immunologists to explore mechanisms that enable humoral and cellular lymphocytes to tailor immune response functions to a wide array of environmental insults and remain poised for future pathogenic encounters. Until recently, for T cells it has remained unclear how memory differentiation acquires and sustains a gene expression program that grants a cell with a capacity for a heightened recall response. Recent investigations into this critical question have identified epigenetic programs as a causal molecular mechanism governing T cell subset specification and immunological memory. Here, we outline the studies that have illustrated this concept and posit on how insights into T cell adaptive immunity can be applied to improve upon existing immunotherapies.

中文翻译：

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T细胞适应性免疫的表观遗传调控

适应性免疫的概念化建立在对免疫记忆的观察之上，已成为现代疫苗接种和免疫治疗方法的基础。这一基本概念使免疫学家能够探索使体液和细胞淋巴细胞能够针对各种环境损伤调整免疫反应功能并为未来的病原体遭遇做好准备的机制。直到最近，对于 T 细胞来说，记忆分化如何获得和维持基因表达程序仍不清楚，该程序赋予细胞增强回忆反应的能力。最近对这个关键问题的调查已将表观遗传程序确定为控制 T 细胞亚群规范和免疫记忆的因果分子机制。这里，