This research considers strategies that will reduce truck emissions and achieve public health and GHG reduction targets. Freight shipments in urban areas are increasing throughout the world as a result of globalization, rising incomes, and shifting patterns of production and consumption. Urban freight shipments are overwhelmingly made by trucks, which generate significant negative impacts on human health and contribute to GHG emissions. We examine the potential of zero emission heavy-duty trucks (ZEHDTs). We use simulation modeling and case studies to explore the impacts of using battery electric heavy-duty trucks (BEHDTs) and natural gas hybrid heavy-duty trucks (hybrid HDTs) in freight operations, taking into account differences in performance and refueling. We estimate impacts for 2020, 2025, and 2030. BEHDT applications are limited in the near term due to range and charging limitations, but as BEHDT performance improves and prices go down, they are viable for a larger segment of the market. Hybrid vehicles are the most cost-effective alternative for reducing air toxics, but BEHDTs reduce air toxics the most by 2025. Subsidies and charging infrastructure investment would be required to promote use of BEHDTs.

这项研究考虑了将减少卡车排放并实现公共卫生和减少温室气体排放目标的策略。由于全球化，收入增加以及生产和消费方式的转变，城市地区的货运量在世界范围内正在增加。城市货运绝大多数是用卡车运输的，这对人类健康产生了重大的负面影响，并造成了温室气体的排放。我们研究了零排放重型卡车（ZEHDT）的潜力。我们使用模拟模型和案例研究来探索在操作中使用电池电动重型卡车（BEHDT）和天然气混合动力重型卡车（混合动力HDT）的影响，同时考虑到性能和加油方面的差异。我们估计了2020年，2025年和2030年的影响。由于范围和充电的限制，BEHDT的应用在短期内受到限制，但是随着BEHDT性能的提高和价格的下降，它们对于较大的市场份额是可行的。混合动力汽车是减少空气中毒的最具成本效益的替代方法，但是BEHDT到2025年可以最大程度地减少空气中的毒气。为促进BEHDT的使用，需要补贴和充电基础设施投资。