The effects of traditional heat treatment (quenching and then tempering) and deep cryogenic treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of a low-carbon high-alloy martensitic bearing steel were studied by Rockwell hardness test, X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The results show that the deep cryogenic treatment promotes the transformation of the retained austenite to martensite during cooling, which leads to the hardness of the sample after deep cryogenic treatment higher than that at the quenched state. Also, the carbon content in the martensite matrix after different treatments was calculated and the results indicated that deep cryogenic treatment can promote the segregation of carbon atoms in martensite to dislocations. The segregated carbon atoms act as and grow into nuclei for the formation of fine carbide particles during subsequent tempering. And this resulted in the fact that the hardness of the tempered experimental steel after deep cryogenic treatment is higher than that without deep cryogenic treatment.

通过洛氏硬度试验，X射线衍射，扫描电镜和透射电镜研究了传统热处理（淬火后回火）和深冷处理对低碳高合金马氏体轴承钢组织和力学性能的影响。电子显微镜。结果表明，深冷处理促进了冷却过程中残余奥氏体向马氏体的转变，这导致深冷处理后的样品硬度高于淬火状态下的硬度。此外，计算了不同处理后的马氏体基体中的碳含量，结果表明，深冷处理可促进马氏体中碳原子的偏析至位错。分离出的碳原子在随后的回火过程中起着成核的作用，形成了细小的碳化物颗粒。因此，经过深低温处理后的回火实验钢的硬度比未经深低温处理的钢高。