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“Horned cattle and pack horses”: zooarchaeological legacy collections from the unauthorized (and unscreened) Spanish Fort
Southeastern Archaeology Pub Date : 2018-04-19 , DOI: 10.1080/0734578x.2018.1459133
Barnet Pavao-Zuckerman 1 , Tracie Mayfield 2 , Chance Copperstone 3 , H. Thomas Foster 4
Affiliation  

ABSTRACT In 1689, the governor of La Florida ordered the construction of a fort near the Muscogee (Creek) ancestral community of Apalachicola, supplying it with a caravan of “horned cattle and pack horses.” The fort, referred to as “Spanish Fort,” was abandoned a year later. Archaeological investigations of the fort were carried out in 1960 without sieving, and a large collection of faunal remains was minimally studied. Despite the limitations of the recovery methods, a recent analysis of these zooarchaeological legacy collections provides insight into the provisioning strategies of the Spanish military 150 years after initial colonialism began. Spanish Fort was better provisioned than its predecessors, such as Fort San Juan, but with a limited range of domesticated livestock—only cattle and horses. The presidio may have traded with the Apalachicola community in order to diversify their diet, but butchering marks indicate that the presidio’s soldiers processed their own meat at the fort. Having learned hard lessons from earlier colonial expeditions, Spanish military colonialists minimized the outpost’s vulnerability by not relying heavily on the local Native American population, while building a transactional relationship with Apalachicola to ensure the community’s cooperation. The zooarchaeological materials from Spanish Fort also indicate that the fort was intentionally destroyed by fire, providing a glimpse of Spanish adaptive strategies as the mission of securing the inland Southeast from rival colonialism abruptly ended.

中文翻译:

“有角的牛和驮马”:来自未经授权(和未筛选)西班牙堡垒的动物考古遗产收藏

摘要 1689 年,佛罗里达州州长下令在阿巴拉契科拉的穆斯科吉(克里克)祖先社区附近建造一座堡垒,为其提供“有角的牛和驮马”的大篷车。这座堡垒被称为“西班牙堡垒”,一年后被废弃。堡垒的考古调查于 1960 年在没有筛分的情况下进行,并对大量动物遗骸进行了最低限度的研究。尽管恢复方法存在局限性,但最近对这些动物考古遗产收藏的分析提供了对西班牙军队在最初殖民主义开始 150 年后的供应策略的洞察。西班牙堡垒的供应比其前身(如圣胡安堡)更好,但家畜范围有限——只有牛和马。presidio 可能与 Apalachicola 社区进行了交易,以使他们的饮食多样化,但屠宰痕迹表明 presidio 的士兵在堡垒加工自己的肉。西班牙军事殖民者从早期的殖民远征中吸取了惨痛的教训,通过不严重依赖当地美洲原住民人口,同时与阿巴拉契科拉建立交易关系以确保社区的合作,从而最大限度地减少了前哨的脆弱性。西班牙堡垒的动物考古材料还表明,堡垒是故意被火烧毁的,这让我们得以一瞥西班牙的适应性策略,因为保护东南内陆免受敌对殖民主义侵害的使命突然结束。但屠宰痕迹表明,普雷西迪奥的士兵在堡垒里加工了自己的肉。西班牙军事殖民者从早期的殖民远征中吸取了惨痛的教训,通过不严重依赖当地美洲原住民人口,同时与阿巴拉契科拉建立交易关系以确保社区的合作,从而最大限度地减少了前哨的脆弱性。西班牙堡垒的动物考古材料还表明,堡垒是故意被火烧毁的,这让我们得以一瞥西班牙的适应性策略,因为保护东南内陆免受敌对殖民主义侵害的使命突然结束。但屠宰痕迹表明,普雷西迪奥的士兵在堡垒里加工了自己的肉。西班牙军事殖民者从早期的殖民远征中吸取了惨痛的教训,通过不严重依赖当地美洲原住民人口,同时与阿巴拉契科拉建立交易关系以确保社区的合作,从而最大限度地减少了前哨的脆弱性。西班牙堡垒的动物考古材料还表明,堡垒是故意被火烧毁的,这让我们得以一瞥西班牙的适应性策略,因为保护东南内陆免受敌对殖民主义侵害的使命突然结束。西班牙军事殖民主义者通过不严重依赖当地美洲原住民人口来最大限度地减少前哨的脆弱性,同时与阿巴拉契科拉建立交易关系以确保社区的合作。西班牙堡垒的动物考古材料还表明,堡垒是故意被火烧毁的,这让我们得以一瞥西班牙的适应性策略,因为保护东南内陆免受敌对殖民主义侵害的使命突然结束。西班牙军事殖民主义者通过不严重依赖当地美洲原住民人口来最大限度地减少前哨的脆弱性,同时与阿巴拉契科拉建立交易关系以确保社区的合作。西班牙堡垒的动物考古材料还表明,堡垒是故意被火烧毁的,这让我们得以一瞥西班牙的适应性策略,因为保护东南内陆免受敌对殖民主义侵害的使命突然结束。
更新日期:2018-04-19
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