The changes in hydrological conditions observed nowadays require economical use of water. This applies to water management both on a national scale and river basins and catchments, as well as on the scale of drainage systems and individual drainage networks. Outflow regulation is carried out by extending the outflow time of surface water collected during rainfall in various forms of retention in the catchment area. One of the devices for regulating the outflow of groundwater is a drainage network, traditionally used as a drainage system. The water level regulators presented in this article enable the damming of water in the drainage network, in pipelines and in the adjacent ground. The conducted tests were aimed at determining the hydraulic characteristics and operating conditions of two innovative solutions of water level regulators in drainage systems. These regulators are characterised by the possibility of smooth regulation by the use of rotary or propeller systems for smoothly setting the damming level. Both tested regulators are characterised by the presence of an effective flow, the value of which was set at the level of Q_e = 0.17 l∙s⁻¹ to Q_e = 0.25 l∙s⁻¹ for the funnel regulator and Q_e = 0.009 l∙s⁻¹ to Q_e = 0.015 l∙s⁻¹ for a hole regulator. Laboratory tests of the prototypes showed that the funnel regulator allows one to maintain the damming level in a flow rate range of up to 5.5 l∙s⁻¹, with possible damming up to 3 cm, regardless of the height of the shaft. The hole regulator is characterised by a flow control range of up to Q = 0.65 l∙s⁻¹, greater variability of the damming levels and the need to change the position of the working openings, depending on the flow rate.

中文翻译：

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地下排水系统中新型地下水位调节器的实验室测试

如今观察到的水文条件的变化要求经济地用水。这既适用于全国范围内的水管理，也适用于流域和集水区，以及排水系统和单个排水网络的规模。通过延长集水区中各种形式的降雨来延长降雨过程中收集的地表水的流出时间，从而进行流出调节。调节地下水流出的装置之一是排水网络，传统上用作排水系统。本文介绍的水位调节器可在排水管网，管道和邻近地面中拦堵水。进行的测试旨在确定排水系统中两种创新的水位调节器解决方案的水力特性和运行条件。这些调节器的特点是可以通过使用旋转或螺旋桨系统进行平滑调节来平稳地设置筑坝水位。两种经过测试的调节器均以有效流量为特征，其有效值设置为Q级别。对于漏斗调节器，_e = 0.17 l∙s ^-1至Q _e = 0.25 l∙s ^-1，对于孔调节器，Q _e = 0.009 l∙s ^-1至Q _e = 0.015 l∙s ^-1。原型的实验室测试表明，漏斗调节器可以使填塞水平保持在最高5.5 l∙s ^-1的流量范围内，无论竖井的高度如何，填塞程度最高可达到3 cm。孔调节器的特点是流量控制范围高达Q = 0.65 l∙s ^-1，大坝水平的可变性更大，并且需要根据流量来改变工作孔的位置。