Cities are complex and evolving systems with various factors playing key roles, e.g., population increase, the migration of population, the availability of resources, and the flexibility of policies. Consumers' socioeconomic status is also an important aspect that needs to be studied in the context of a self-reliant urban city in its resource consumption. In this regard, the association between water–food and socio-economic attributes was analyzed based on the consumer-centric approach for the Hyderabad Metro Development Authority (HMDA) region, India. In this study, the embedded water content in food consumption was estimated and analyzed for nine food groups and twelve economic classes of the HMDA region. The middle economic classes were found to correspond to ~80% of embedded water content in the HMDA region, followed by the upper and lower economic classes. Except for cereals, per capita, the water consumption of all food groups increased with the spending power of the economic class. The green, blue, and grey consumption water footprints (WFs) suggested that much of the water that is being consumed in the HMDA region is precipitation-driven, followed by surface and groundwater resources. Limited water resources, water resource variability, climate change consequences including future climate projections, uncertainty in data, WF estimates, and region’s future growth imply a detailed study in drafting policies to become a self-reliant region.

中文翻译：

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水与食物的联系：使用消费水足迹在印度海得拉巴的城市群中，社会经济地位对水-食物联系的作用

城市是一个复杂且不断发展的系统，各种因素起着关键作用，例如人口增长，人口迁移，资源的可获得性以及政策的灵活性。消费者的社会经济地位也是一个重要方面，需要在自力更生的城市城市的资源消耗中进行研究。在这方面，根据印度海得拉巴都市发展局（HMDA）地区以消费者为中心的方法，分析了水，食物和社会经济属性之间的联系。在这项研究中，对HMDA地区的9个食物类别和12个经济类别的食物消费中的内在水分含量进行了估算和分析。发现中等经济类别对应于HMDA地区〜80％的嵌入式水含量，其次是上层和下层经济阶层。除谷物以外，人均所有食品的用水量都随着经济阶层的消费能力而增加。绿色，蓝色和灰色的消耗水足迹（WFs）表明，HMDA地区消耗的大部分水是降水驱动的，其次是地表和地下水资源。有限的水资源，水资源的可变性，气候变化的后果，包括未来的气候预测，数据的不确定性，世界自然基金会的估计以及该地区的未来增长，都意味着对起草成为自力更生地区的政策进行了详细的研究。灰色消耗水足迹（WFs）表明，HMDA地区消耗的大部分水都是降水驱动的，其次是地表和地下水资源。有限的水资源，水资源的可变性，气候变化的后果，包括未来的气候预测，数据的不确定性，世界自然基金会的估计以及该地区的未来增长，都意味着对起草成为自力更生地区的政策进行了详细的研究。灰色消耗水足迹（WFs）表明，HMDA地区消耗的大部分水都是降水驱动的，其次是地表和地下水资源。有限的水资源，水资源的可变性，气候变化的后果，包括未来的气候预测，数据的不确定性，世界自然基金会的估计以及该地区的未来增长，都意味着对起草成为自力更生地区的政策进行了详细的研究。