Nature-based solutions (NBS) as green infrastructures to urban drainage are an effective mitigation strategy both in terms of quantity and quality of runoff. Real-time control (RTC) can complement both flood mitigation and improvement of water quality by controlling elements of the drainage and sewage system. This study assessed the improvement opportunities with RTC of three NBS-related techniques commonly applied in urban drainage with different spatial scales: green roof, bioretention and detention basin and the remaining challenges to integrate both methods. Additionally, our investigations showed that the main difficulties reported involve the planning and monitoring stages of the RTC system. All of the studied devices can benefit from RTC. It is possible to observe that, despite the good results reported in the literature, the application of RTC to NBS studies on urban drainage are very recent. There are several opportunities that can be explored to optimize the performance.

中文翻译：

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基于自然的解决方案和实时控制：挑战与机遇

基于自然的解决方案（NBS）作为城市排水的绿色基础设施，在径流的数量和质量方面都是有效的缓解策略。实时控制（RTC）可通过控制排水和污水处理系统的要素来补充防洪和改善水质。这项研究评估了三种NBS相关技术的RTC改善机会，这些技术通常用于不同空间规模的城市排水：绿化屋顶，生物滞留和滞留盆地以及整合这两种方法的剩余挑战。此外，我们的调查表明，报告的主要困难涉及RTC系统的计划和监视阶段。所有研究过的设备都可以从RTC中受益。可以观察到，尽管文献报道了良好的结果，RTC在NBS城市排水研究中的应用是最近的。可以探索一些机会来优化性能。