This study assesses the governance challenges faced by two different types of aquatic protected areas in Bangladesh for fish stocks and elasmobranch and cetacean species. Establishing a network of sanctuaries across six riverine and estuarine zones has yielded positive ecological outcomes in the revitalization of hilsa shad (Tenualosa ilisha) fisheries. The combination of firm political commitment, a meaningful partnership among various government agencies toward more vigorous enforcement, and a compensation scheme has contributed to this success. However, less attention has been given to the sanctuaries’ social outcomes leading to underperformance in effectiveness and social equity. The drivers of ecological outcomes for hilsa shad sanctuaries may also be useful for marine megafauna conservation. In addition, fishers’ needs, and participation should be considered when developing a management plan for marine protected areas (MPAs). Finally, I argue that to achieve Aichi Target 11 and SDG14 goals, expanding the MPAs’ spatial coverage in Bangladesh should be coupled with ensuring effectiveness and social equity.

这项研究评估了孟加拉国两种不同类型的水生保护区在鱼类种群，弹枝和鲸类物种方面面临的治理挑战。在六个河沿和河口区域建立庇护所网络，在hilsa shad（Tenualosa ilisha）的振兴中产生了积极的生态成果。）渔业。坚定的政治承诺，各政府机构之间有意义的伙伴关系，旨在加强执法力度以及补偿计划的结合，为这一成功做出了贡献。但是，人们对避难所的社会结果的关注较少，导致其在有效性和社会公平性方面的表现不佳。希尔沙群岛庇护所的生态结果驱动因素也可能对海洋大型动物保护工作有用。此外，在制定海洋保护区管理计划时应考虑渔民的需求和参与。最后，我认为，要实现爱知目标11和SDG14目标，扩大MPA在孟加拉国的空间覆盖范围应与确保有效性和社会公平相结合。