This paper investigates the influence of armed and political conflicts on the urban climate, particularly the surface urban heat island (SUHI) of the Baghdad metropolitan area. This study analyzes changes in spatial patterns of land use and land cover and anthropogenic activities that have occurred as a result of wars and political conflicts. Multi-temporal Landsat data for the years 1984, 2001, and 2018 were used to quantify land use land cover (LULC) changes and thermal characteristics of the study area over 35 years. The relationship of intensity of SUHI to informal settlements (slums) and others anthropogenic practices were analyzed. The results indicate that LULC changes were indeed impacted by wars and political conflicts. Land surface temperature increased over time and its spatial–temporal pattern changed noticeably. A significant correlation between intensity of SUHI and informal settlements (slums) was also shown.

本文研究了武装冲突和政治冲突对城市气候的影响，特别是巴格达都会区的城市表面热岛（SUHI）。这项研究分析了由于战争和政治冲突而导致的土地利用，土地覆盖和人类活动的空间格局变化。1984年，2001年和2018年的多时间Landsat数据用于量化研究区域35年以上的土地利用土地覆盖（LULC）变化和热力特征。分析了SUHI强度与非正式住区（贫民窟）和其他人为做法的关系。结果表明，LULC的变化确实受到战争和政治冲突的影响。地表温度随时间升高，其时空格局发生明显变化。