The objective of this study was to assess the health risk of occupational and public exposures to airborne particulate matter (PM) arising from a subway construction site in Tehran, Iran. The occupational exposure was determined by personal sampling in three occupational groups (drivers, workers, and engineers) and the environmental emission was estimated by sampling from five point exhausts. The PM was measured in terms of total suspended particles (TSP), particles with an aerodynamic diameter of less than 10 μm (PM₁₀), and less than 2.5 μm (PM_2.5). The ambient air concentrations of PM were modeled using AERMOD software and the health risk was estimated using AirQ+ software. The average (± standard deviation: SD) concentrations of TSP, PM₁₀, and PM_2.5 in the personal sampling were determined to be 3620 ± 250, 1690 ± 260, and 1350 ± 140 μg/m³ for drivers, 2190 ± 200, 1210 ± 310, and 960 ± 190 μg/m³ for workers, 690 ± 70, 410 ± 100, and 320 ± 60 μg/m³ for engineers, respectively. The average PM_2.5/PM₁₀ ratio in the workplace and exhausts was as high as 0.79. The average increases in ambient air PM_2.5 concentrations in the surrounding areas were predicted to be in the range of 2.4–23.8 μg/m³. The all-cause death rates (per 100,000 persons) attributable to PM_2.5 from the construction project for the drivers, workers, engineers, and general people were estimated to be as high as 225, 214.5, 193, and 18, respectively. The results indicated that the health effects of the PM emission in the subway construction site were remarkable; therefore, more control measures for the workplace exposure and environmental emission should be considered.

这项研究的目的是评估伊朗德黑兰地铁施工现场职业和公共场所接触空气传播的颗粒物（PM）的健康风险。职业暴露是通过对三个职业类别（驾驶员，工人和工程师）的个人抽样确定的，环境排放量是通过对五个点的废气进行抽样估算的。根据总悬浮颗粒（TSP），空气动力学直径小于10μm（PM ₁₀）和小于2.5μm（PM _2.5）的颗粒来测量PM 。使用AERMOD软件对PM的环境空气浓度进行建模，并使用AirQ +软件评估健康风险。TSP，PM ₁₀和PM的平均浓度（±标准偏差：SD）_2.5在个人采样被确定为3620±250，1690±260和1350±140微克/米³为驱动器，2190±200，1210±310和960±190微克/米³的工人，690±70工程师分别为410±100和320±60μg/ m ³。工作场所和排气中的平均PM _2.5 / PM ₁₀比高达0.79。周围环境中PM _2.5浓度的平均增加量预计在2.4-23.8μg/ m ³范围内。PM _2.5引起的全因死亡率（每10万人）从建设项目中得出的驾驶员，工人，工程师和普通民众的估计分别高达225、214.5、193和18。结果表明，地铁施工现场PM排放对健康的影响显着。因此，应考虑对工作场所的暴露和环境排放采取更多的控制措施。