Adaptive structures have the ability to modify their shapes in different operational conditions. Multi-stable structures are one of the methods of making adaptive structures. In the bi-stable square laminates, due to geometric symmetry and equality of strain energy between stable states, it is possible to continue actuating between stable states, specially when using dynamic or thermal load. The bi-stability of the hybrid square laminated structure with the stacking sequence of [0/90/Al] is asymmetric. This leads to inequality of strain energy in stable states and therefore, development of an effective method to control and avoid automatic actuating. In this paper, the deformation and strain energy of the bi-stable hybrid square laminated structure is investigated. To show the effect of elastic boundary condition, a similar section with the stacking sequence of [0/0/Al] is connected to the mentioned hybrid laminate. The effects of the temperature, the presence of an aluminum layer and its thickness on the potential multiple shapes are also studied. To check the accuracy, the bi-stability behavior is investigated using finite element analysis and the results are compared with the experimental data.

中文翻译：

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热负荷下双稳态混合层压板的分析

自适应结构能够在不同的操作条件下修改其形状。多稳态结构是制作自适应结构的方法之一。在双稳态方形层压板中，由于几何对称和稳态之间的应变能相等，可以在稳态之间继续驱动，特别是在使用动态或热负载时。堆叠顺序为[0/90/Al]的混合方形叠层结构的双稳定性是不对称的。这会导致稳定状态下的应变能不均等，因此需要开发一种有效的方法来控制和避免自动驱动。本文研究了双稳态混合方形叠层结构的变形和应变能。为了显示弹性边界条件的影响，具有 [0/0/Al] 堆叠顺序的类似部分连接到提到的混合层压板。还研究了温度、铝层的存在及其厚度对潜在多种形状的影响。为了检查准确性，使用有限元分析研究了双稳态行为，并将结果与​​实验数据进行了比较。