The use of joint communication and sensing (JCAS) systems in efficiently utilizing the scarce RF spectrum has received increased interest in recent years. Due to the (re)use of the same resources by both functions (e.g., frequency of operation, waveforms, and hardware), various design challenges are evident in integrating communication and sensing/radar systems, and novel techniques are required to overcome them to provide both subsystems with optimal performance. We have identified full duplex operation as the key enabler for JCAS systems as discussed in this article. Furthermore, since JCAS systems usually employ large antenna arrays, novel beamforming techniques are required to efficiently manage the sensing and communication beams in addition to self-interference suppression, whereas their joint waveforms need to be optimized considering the performance metrics of both subsystems. These requirements yield design trade-offs to address; existing and novel solutions to these aspects are explored herein from a signal processing perspective. This article also presents experimental full duplex sensing results through over-the-air RF measurements, showcasing the feasibility of integrating sensing systems with communication systems.

中文翻译：

---

全双工无线电/雷达技术：先进的联合通信和传感的推动力

近年来，在有效利用稀缺的RF频谱中使用联合通信和传感（JCAS）系统引起了越来越多的关注。由于两个功能（例如，操作频率，波形和硬件）（重复）使用相同的资源，在集成通信和感测/雷达系统时会遇到各种设计挑战，因此需要新颖的技术来克服它们为两个子系统提供最佳性能。正如本文所讨论的，我们已经将全双工操作确定为JCAS系统的关键促成因素。此外，由于JCAS系统通常采用大型天线阵列，因此除了自我干扰抑制功能外，还需要新颖的波束成形技术来有效管理感测和通信波束，考虑到两个子系统的性能指标，需要优化它们的联合波形。这些要求产生了设计折衷以解决；本文从信号处理的角度探讨了这些方面的现有和新颖的解决方案。本文还通过空中RF测量展示了实验性全双工传感结果，展示了将传感系统与通信系统集成在一起的可行性。