This article presents G-band monostatic and bistatic radar transceivers (TRX) incorporating on-chip antennas for short-range high-precision applications. The circuits were fabricated using a silicon-germanium (SiGe) BiCMOS technology offering heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs) with fT/fMAX of 300/500 GHz. The monostatic TRX implements a tunable leakage canceller (LC) for enhanced transmitter (TX)-to-receiver (RX) leakage compensation and hence improved detectability of weakly reflecting near targets. A standalone monostatic TRX characterized at on-wafer level achieves 4-dBm maximum output power (PTX) and 19-dB peak conversion gain (GRX) with 3-dB bandwidths of 18 and 17GHz for the TX and the RX, respectively. The bistatic version reaches PTX of 13 dBm and GRX of 24 dB expanding the 3-dB bandwidths to 32 and 34 GHz for the TX and RX, respectively. A double-folded dipole antenna providing 5-dBi gain at 170 GHz was implemented using localized backside etching (LBE) and integrated with the transceivers. A frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) radar demonstrator incorporating an external phase-locked loop (PLL) was built to evaluate both TRXs and tunable leakage cancellation feature available in the monostatic variant. The maximum equivalent isotropic radiated power (EIRP), including on-chip antennas, is 8 and 18 dBm for the monostatic and bistatic TRX, respectively. The radars support sweep bandwidth up to 20 GHz reaching 2.1 cm spatial resolution. For a target at 1 m distance the measured ranging precision is 105 μm and 13 μm for monostatic and bistatic TRX, accordingly. Activation of leakage cancellation effectively suppresses close-in noise and extends the minimum detectable range remarkably.

中文翻译：

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具有片上天线和可调谐 TX 至 RX 泄漏消除功能的单基地和双基地 G 波段 BiCMOS 雷达收发器


本文介绍了采用片上天线的 G 波段单基地和双基地雷达收发器 (TRX)，适用于短距离高精度应用。该电路采用硅锗 (SiGe) BiCMOS 技术制造，提供 fT/fMAX 为 300/500 GHz 的异质结双极晶体管 (HBT)。单基地 TRX 实现了可调谐泄漏消除器 (LC)，用于增强发射器 (TX) 到接收器 (RX) 的泄漏补偿，从而提高了弱反射附近目标的可检测性。具有晶圆级特征的独立单站 TRX 可实现 4dBm 最大输出功率 (PTX) 和 19dB 峰值转换增益 (GRX)，TX 和 RX 的 3dB 带宽分别为 18GHz 和 17GHz。双基地版本达到 13 dBm 的 PTX 和 24 dB 的 GRX，将 TX 和 RX 的 3 dB 带宽分别扩展至 32 和 34 GHz。使用局部背面蚀刻 (LBE) 实现双折偶极天线，在 170 GHz 下提供 5 dBi 增益，并与收发器集成。构建了一个包含外部锁相环 (PLL) 的调频连续波 (FMCW) 雷达演示器，用于评估单基地型号中提供的 TRX 和可调谐泄漏消除功能。单基地和双基地 TRX 的最大等效全向辐射功率 (EIRP)（包括片上天线）分别为 8 和 18 dBm。该雷达支持高达 20 GHz 的扫描带宽，空间分辨率达到 2.1 cm。对于 1 m 距离的目标，单基地和双基地 TRX 测得的测距精度分别为 105 μm 和 13 μm。激活泄漏消除功能可有效抑制近距离噪声并显着扩展最小可检测范围。