The difficulty of deploying remaining oil from unconventional reservoirs and the increasing CO₂ emissions has prompted researchers to delve into carbon emissions through Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) technologies. Under the confinement of nanopore in unconventional formation, CO₂ and hydrocarbon molecules show different density distribution from in the bulk phase, which leads to a unique phase state and interface behavior that affects fluid migration. At the same time, mineral reactions, asphaltene deposition, and CO₂ pressurization will cause the change of porous media geometry, which will affect the multiphase flow. This review highlights the physical and chemical effects of CO₂ injection into unconventional reservoirs containing a large number of micro-nanopores. The interactions between CO₂ and in situ fluids and the resulting unique fluid phase behavior, gas-liquid equilibrium calculation, CO₂ adsorption/desorption, interfacial tension, and minimum miscible pressure (MMP) are reviewed. The pore structure changes and stress distribution caused by the interactions between CO₂, in situ fluids, and rock surface are discussed. The experimental and theoretical approaches of these fluid-fluid and fluid-solid reactions are summarized. Besides, deficiencies in the application and safety assessment of CCUS in unconventional reservoirs are described, which will help improve the design and operation of CCUS.

中文翻译：

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非常规油藏CCUS过程中CO2流体-岩石相互作用和耦合的地质力学响应

从非常规油藏调出剩余石油的难度以及不断增加的CO ₂排放量促使研究人员通过碳捕获，利用和封存（CCUS）技术来研究碳排放量。在非常规形成的纳米孔的限制下，CO ₂和烃分子显示出与本体相不同的密度分布，这导致了影响流体迁移的独特相态和界面行为。同时，矿物反应，沥青质沉积和CO ₂加压会引起多孔介质几何形状的变化，从而影响多相流。这篇评论重点介绍了CO ₂的物理和化学作用注入到包含大量微纳米孔的非常规油藏中。审查了CO ₂和原位流体之间的相互作用以及由此产生的独特的液相行为，气液平衡计算，CO ₂吸附/解吸，界面张力和最小可混溶压力（MMP）。讨论了由CO ₂，原位流体和岩石表面之间的相互作用引起的孔隙结构变化和应力分布。总结了这些流体-流体和流体-固体反应的实验和理论方法。此外，还描述了CCUS在非常规水库中的应用和安全评估的不足，这将有助于改善CCUS的设计和运行。