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Sustainable Energy Transition Considering the Water–Energy Nexus: A Multiobjective Optimization Framework
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering ( IF 7.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-02-26 , DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c08694 Javier Tovar-Facio 1 , Lidia S. Guerras 2 , José M. Ponce-Ortega 1 , Mariano Martín 2
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering ( IF 7.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-02-26 , DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c08694 Javier Tovar-Facio 1 , Lidia S. Guerras 2 , José M. Ponce-Ortega 1 , Mariano Martín 2
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Electricity is becoming one of the main forms of the final energy demand in the world; therefore, energy transition is one of the most important issues to achieve the internationally agreed target to limit global warming below 2 °C. This work addressed the optimal mix of renewable energy technologies to substitute any existing power system. A flexible multiobjective mixed-integer linear programming model was developed that can be adapted to any national power system. The proposed optimization framework considers simultaneously technical operating constraints, availability of renewable energy sources in different places, freshwater consumption as a function of technologies and location characteristics, direct and lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions, and total annual costs. The peninsular electricity system (PES) of Spain was chosen to show the applicability of the model due to the imminent decommission of its coal and nuclear thermal plants and its ambitious CO2 reduction targets. Results show the location, type, capacity, and generation structure of the optimal energy mix with existing and new power plants. The proposed energy transition shows a potential reduction of up to 37.5 and 49.7% in water consumption and greenhouse gas emission, respectively, with respect to the current system.
中文翻译：
考虑水-能源联系的可持续能源转型：多目标优化框架
电力正在成为世界上最终能源需求的主要形式之一。因此，实现国际公认的将全球变暖限制在2°C以下的目标，能源转换是最重要的问题之一。这项工作解决了可再生能源技术的最佳组合，以替代任何现有的电力系统。开发了可以适应任何国家电力系统的灵活的多目标混合整数线性规划模型。拟议的优化框架同时考虑技术操作限制，不同地方可再生能源的可用性，淡水消耗量（取决于技术和位置特征），直接和生命周期的温室气体排放以及年度总成本。2个减排目标。结果显示了现有和新建电厂的最佳能源组合的位置，类型，容量和发电结构。相对于当前系统，拟议的能源转换显示出潜在的水消耗量和温室气体排放量分别降低了37.5和49.7％。
更新日期：2021-03-15
中文翻译：
考虑水-能源联系的可持续能源转型：多目标优化框架
电力正在成为世界上最终能源需求的主要形式之一。因此，实现国际公认的将全球变暖限制在2°C以下的目标，能源转换是最重要的问题之一。这项工作解决了可再生能源技术的最佳组合，以替代任何现有的电力系统。开发了可以适应任何国家电力系统的灵活的多目标混合整数线性规划模型。拟议的优化框架同时考虑技术操作限制，不同地方可再生能源的可用性，淡水消耗量（取决于技术和位置特征），直接和生命周期的温室气体排放以及年度总成本。2个减排目标。结果显示了现有和新建电厂的最佳能源组合的位置，类型，容量和发电结构。相对于当前系统，拟议的能源转换显示出潜在的水消耗量和温室气体排放量分别降低了37.5和49.7％。
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