Vernonia [Vernonia galamensis (Cass.) Less.] (Asterales: Asteraceae) was examined as a potential trap crop for the cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L., Malvales: Malvaceae) arthropod complex. Four rows of vernonia were embedded within a 96-row cotton field. The abundance of true bug pests, true bug predators, and spiders were determined by whole-plant and sweep net sampling procedures during the early, middle, and late phases of the cotton-growing season. The census data showed that the arthropods had a strong preference for the vernonia trap crop throughout the cotton-growing season. The movement of the arthropods from the trap crop into cotton was also measured using the protein immunomarking technique as a mark–capture procedure. The arthropods inhabiting the vernonia trap crop were marked directly in the field with a broadcast spray application of egg albumin (protein) during each phase of the study. In turn, the captured specimens were examined for the presence of the mark by an egg albumin-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Very few marked specimens were captured beyond the vernonia trap crop 1, 3, and 6 d after each marking event. The arthropods’ strong attraction and fidelity to vernonia indicate that it could serve as a trap crop for cotton pests and a refuge for natural enemies.

中文翻译：

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新型诱捕棉花农业生态系统中的节肢动物人口学、分布和分散

Vernonia [Vernonia galamensis (Cass.) Less.] (Asterales: Asteraceae) 被检查为棉花 (Gossypium hirsutum L., Malvales: Malvaceae) 节肢动物复合体的潜在诱捕作物。在 96 行棉田中嵌入了 4 行斑鸠菊。在棉花生长季节的早期、中期和晚期，通过全株和扫网取样程序确定了真正的害虫、真正的虫害捕食者和蜘蛛的丰度。普查数据显示，节肢动物在整个棉花生长季节都强烈偏爱斑鸠菊陷阱作物。还使用蛋白质免疫标记技术作为标记捕获程序测量了节肢动物从诱捕作物进入棉花的运动。在研究的每个阶段，通过播撒喷洒卵白蛋白（蛋白质），直接在田间标记栖息在斑鸠菊陷阱作物中的节肢动物。反过来，通过卵白蛋白特异性酶联免疫吸附试验检查捕获的样本是否存在标记。在每次标记事件后的第 1、3 和 6 天，在斑鸠菊陷阱作物之外捕获的标记标本很少。节肢动物对斑鸠菊的强烈吸引力和忠诚表明它可以作为棉花害虫的诱捕作物和天敌的避难所。和每次标记事件后 6 d。节肢动物对斑鸠菊的强烈吸引力和忠诚表明它可以作为棉花害虫的诱捕作物和天敌的避难所。和每次标记事件后 6 d。节肢动物对斑鸠菊的强烈吸引力和忠诚表明它可以作为棉花害虫的诱捕作物和天敌的避难所。