Due to their intermittent nature, the use of renewable energy sources has faced the challenges of power insecurity and low efficiency. Recently, fuel cells (FCs) have become a potential choice for backup-power generation in remote microgrids due to their reduced maintenance needs and long lifecycle. However, the efficiency of hydrogen FCs as backup power needs to be improved. The efficiency is related to system sizing and operational techniques. Thus, this paper proposes an efficient energy management strategy and optimal configuration models based on a hybrid system including photovoltaics (PVs) and hydrogen FCs to achieve a high operational efficiency and optimize the system configuration. The system model is built, and an energy management strategy is proposed first. This strategy determines when the PV and FC supply power to a load under various conditions. Proper sizing of the sub-components in the PV/FC hybrid system also plays an essential role in ensuring continuous power flow. To ensure power quality, the hybrid system configuration is estimated using a systematic method without affecting the power quality to minimize residual power losses. In addition, various essential simulations are performed to verify the proposed model. The results indicate that the total efficiency of the system can reach 47.9%.

中文翻译：

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高效的光伏集成氢燃料电池混合动力系统：能源管理和最佳配置

由于其间歇性，可再生能源的使用面临着电力不安全和效率低下的挑战。最近，由于燃料电池（FC）减少的维护需求和较长的使用寿命，它们已成为远程微电网备用电源发电的潜在选择。但是，需要提高氢燃料电池作为备用电源的效率。效率与系统大小和操作技术有关。因此，本文提出了一种有效的能源管理策略和基于包括光伏（PV）和氢燃料电池的混合系统的最佳配置模型，以实现较高的运行效率并优化系统配置。建立了系统模型，并提出了一种能源管理策略。该策略确定PV和FC在各种条件下何时向负载供电。PV / FC混合系统中子组件的正确尺寸在确保持续的功率流中也起着至关重要的作用。为了确保电能质量，使用系统方法估算混合动力系统的配置，而不会影响电能质量，以最大程度地减少剩余电能损耗。另外，执行各种必要的仿真以验证所提出的模型。结果表明，该系统的总效率可以达到47.9％。另外，执行各种必要的仿真以验证所提出的模型。结果表明，该系统的总效率可以达到47.9％。另外，执行各种必要的仿真以验证所提出的模型。结果表明，该系统的总效率可以达到47.9％。