Oscillating laser hot-wire tungsten inert gas (TIG) hybrid welding of 10 mm thick 316LN austenitic stainless steel in the vertical position was performed. The characteristics of droplet transfer, molten pool formation, and forming mechanism of different oscillating parameters were investigated by the experimental method. A high-speed camera was employed to observe the arc, droplet transfer, and molten pool formation. Results showed that the larger molten pool area, more intense fluid flow, and better weld bead formation were achieved when the oscillating laser joined to TIG as compared to TIG or normal laser-TIG hybrid welding. Due to the dynamic wire feed, the form of droplet transfer was mainly contact transfer, and the frequency of droplet transfer was equal to the frequency of wire feed and was independent of the parameters of the heat source. The electrical signals in the TIG and oscillating laser-TIG weld processes were collected, respectively, and the results showed that the change of conductivity might be the reason why the laser can compress the arc. The addition of laser increased the arc voltage and active power and improved the efficiency of hybrid welding.

中文翻译：

---

振荡激光热丝钨极惰性气体混合焊接的熔滴转移，熔池形成和焊缝形成特性

在垂直位置进行了10毫米厚316LN奥氏体不锈钢的振荡激光热线钨极惰性气体（TIG）混合焊接。通过实验方法研究了液滴的传递特性，熔池的形成以及不同振荡参数的形成机理。使用高速相机观察电弧，液滴转移和熔池的形成。结果表明，与TIG或普通的激光-TIG混合焊接相比，当振荡激光加入TIG时，熔池面积更大，流体流动更激烈且焊缝形成更好。由于采用动态送丝，液滴转移的形式主要是接触转移，并且液滴转移的频率等于送丝的频率，并且与热源的参数无关。分别收集了TIG和振荡激光-TIG焊接过程中的电信号，结果表明电导率的变化可能是激光压缩电弧的原因。激光的添加增加了电弧电压和有功功率，并提高了混合焊接的效率。