The resolution of fluorescence microscopy is limited by the diffraction imaging system, and many methods have been proposed to overcome the optical diffraction limit for achieving super-resolution imaging. Structured illumination microscopy (SIM) is one of the most competitive approaches and has demonstrated remarkable achievements. In the last two decades, SIM has been improved in many aspects, such as the enhancement of resolution and imaging depth and virtual modulation-based SIM. In this Perspective, we present an overview of the development of SIM, including the basic theory, application to biomedical studies, and the remarkable progress of SIM. Owing to its flexibility with respect to combination with other methods, SIM can be considered a powerful tool for biomedical study, offering augmented imaging capabilities by exploiting complementary advantages.

中文翻译：

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超分辨率结构照明显微镜的当前挑战和解决方案

荧光显微镜的分辨率受到衍射成像系统的限制，并且已经提出了许多方法来克服光学衍射极限以实现超分辨率成像。结构照明显微镜（SIM）是最具竞争力的方法之一，并已取得了令人瞩目的成就。在过去的二十年中，SIM在很多方面都得到了改进，例如分辨率和成像深度的增强以及基于虚拟调制的SIM。在此观点中，我们概述了SIM的发展，包括基本理论，在生物医学研究中的应用以及SIM的显着进步。由于与其他方法结合使用具有灵活性，因此SIM被认为是生物医学研究的有力工具，